InfoMagic Standards 1994 January/InfoMagic Standards - January 1994.iso/ccitt/1988/troff/1_2_01.tro

Text File | 1991-12-12 | 196KB | 6,556 lines

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\s12FASCICLE\ I.2
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\fBRESOLUTIONS\ ADOPTED\ AND\ OPINIONS\ EXPRESSED\fR
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\fBBY\ THE\ PLENARY\ ASSEMBLIES\fR
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\fBMONTAGE:\fR \ PAGE 2 = PAGE BLANCHE
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.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ R\*^s.\ N\(de\ 1''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ R\*^s.\ N\(de\ 1    %'
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\fBRESOLUTIONS\fR
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\fIResolution\fR \fINo.\fR
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\fITitle\fR \ \ \ \ 1
    Rules of procedure of the CCITT in addition to those in the
International Telecommunication Convention
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\ \ \ \ 2
    Approval of new and revised Recommendations between Plenary
Assemblies
.LP
\ \ \ \ 3
    Participation in CCITT activities. Communications submitted to
Plan Committees, symposia and seminars
.LP
\ \ \ \ 4
    Publication of CCITT Books
.LP
\ \ \ \ 5
    Numbering and layout of CCITT Recommendations
.LP
\ \ \ \ 7
    Collaboration with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC)
.LP
\ \ \ \ 8
    Cooperation with the IEC on the standardization of cables, wires,
optical fibres and waveguides
.LP
\ \ \ \ 9
    Work of the ITU in the field of space communications
.LP
\ \ \ 11
    Collaboration with the Consultative Council for Postal Studies
(CCPS) of the Universal Postal Union (UPU) in the study of new
services concerning both the postal and the telecommunication
sectors
.LP
\ \ \ 12
    Plan Committees
.LP
\ \ \ 13
    Protection of the common names of CCITT\(hydefined international
public services
.LP
\ \ \ 14
    CCITT technical assistance to the developing countries
.LP
\ \ \ 17
    Pre\(hyeminence of CCITT in world\(hywide telecommunications
standardisation
.LP
\ \ \ 18
    Future evolution of the CCITT working methods and structure
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\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 1\fR
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\fBRules of procedure of the CCITT in addition to\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 1''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 1    %'
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\fBthose in the International Telecommunication Convention\fR
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\fI(Geneva, 1956 and 1958; New Delhi, 1960; Geneva, 1964;\fR
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\fIMar del Plata, 1968; Geneva, 1972, 1976 and 1980,\fR
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\fIMalaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984; Melbourne, 1988)\fR
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    The\ CCITT,
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\fIin view of\fR
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.PP
Articles 11, 14, 16 and 68\(hy76 of the International
Telecommunication Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982);
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\fIdecides\fR
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.RT
.PP
that, as far as the CCITT is concerned, the General Regulations of the
Nairobi Convention,\ 1982, shall be amplified as follows:
.bp
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I.\ \fIPlenary Assembly\fR  | PA)
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.PP
\fB1\fR
If the PA meets at the seat of the Union, the precise date of the meeting
shall be decided by the Director of the CCITT in agreement with the Secretary\(hyGeneral
of the Union. If the PA does not meet at the seat of the Union, the exact
date of the meeting shall be decided by the inviting
government in agreement with the Director of the CCITT.
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
\fB2\fR
The Director of the CCITT shall send an invitation to
participate in the PA to all Members of the Union. The invitation shall
also be sent to recognized private operating agencies\ (RPOAs) which are
members of the CCITT. If the PA does not meet at the seat of the Union,
the Director of the
CCITT shall issue the above\(hymentioned invitation on behalf of the inviting
government.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fB3\fR
Members of the CCITT wishing to participate in the PA are
required to advise the Director of the CCITT, by letter or telegram, at
least one month before the meeting, of the names of the delegates of Administrations
especially the Heads of Delegation and representatives of recognized private
operating agencies who will attend meetings of the\ PA. The Director of the
CCITT shall forward this information to the Administration of the inviting
government, if any.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fB4\fR
The Director of the CCITT shall invite the Director of the
CCIR, the United\ Nations, the Specialized Agencies of the United Nations
which reciprocally allow representatives of the Union to attend their conferences,
and the international organizations and regional telecommunication
organizations entitled to participate in the work of the CCITT under No.\
398 of the Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982), to attend the PA in an advisory
capacity. The United\ Nations, the specialized agencies and other international
and regional telecommunication organizations are required to notify the
names of their
observers in the manner specified in \(sc\ 3\ above for members of the CCITT.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fB5\fR
Prior to the official opening of the PA the Heads of
delegation shall meet:
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
    a)
    to prepare, on the basis of proposals by the Director of the
CCITT, the programme of work of the PA, for submission to the
latter at its first meeting;
.LP
    b)
    to designate the persons who will be proposed as Vice\(hyChairmen
and, if necessary (when the PA meets at the seat of the Union),
Chairman of the PA;
.LP
    c)
    to determine the Committees to be proposed to the PA for
establishment.
.PP
\fB6\fR
In general, the following Committees are proposed:
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
    a)
    \*QCommittee on the Organization and Working Methods of the
CCITT\*U (Committee\ A),
.LP
    which examines the organization and working methods of the
CCITT.
.LP
    b)
    \*QCommittee on the CCITT Work Programme\*U (Committee\ B),
.LP
    which first considers the Questions proposed for study (or
further study) by the Study Groups, decides whether they are
suitable for study, checks that there is no duplication of
Questions referred to different Study Groups, assembles related
Questions, and, secondly, submits a report to the PA setting out
the wording of the Questions which it proposes for study, their
allocation to Study Groups and their degree of priority.
.LP
    This Work Programme Committee shall be composed of:
.LP
    \(em
    the Chairmen of the Study Groups and other groups
set\ up by the PA;
.LP
    \(em
    members of delegations.
.LP
    c)
    \*QBudget Control Committee\*U (Committee C),
.LP
    which examines the estimate of the financial needs of the
CCITT up to the next PA and the accounts for expenditure
incurred by the current PA, in accordance with Nos.\ 410 and\ 476
of the Convention, (Nairobi,\ 1982).
.LP
    d)
    \*QTechnical Assistance Committee\*U (Committee D),
.LP
    which defines the policy to be adopted by the PA for dealing
with subjects concerning the planning, establishment and
management of national telecommunication networks which are of
general interest to all countries Members of the ITU.
.LP
    It shall make a preliminary examination of the reports on
the work of the Special Autonomous Study Groups\ (GAS). It shall
define the guidance to be given for the next study period with a
view to the publication of new manuals or of new sections to
existing manuals. It shall consider the advisability of
establishing new\ GAS.
.LP
    It shall propose to the PA any useful provisions required
for the organization of seminars or symposia to be arranged in
conjunction with CCITT meetings held away from ITU headquarters
(particularly meetings of the Regional Plan Committees) or
within the framework of the United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP) or the programmes of other international organizations;
.LP
    e)
    \*QEditorial Committee.\*U
.bp
.PP
\fB7\fR
Any other PA Committee may be set up if the Heads of
Delegation deem it advisable.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fB8\fR
During the PA, the Heads of Delegation shall meet:
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
    a)
    to consider the proposals of the Committee on the
Organization and Working Methods of the CCITT concerning the
constitution of Study Groups in particular;
.LP
    b)
    to draw up proposals concerning the designation of Chairmen
and Vice\(hyChairmen of Study Groups, Plan Committees and any
other groups.
.PP
\fB9\fR
The PA shall set up the committees listed in \(sc\(sc\ 6 and\ 7
above. On the basis of both the proposals by the Committee on the Organization
and Working Methods of the CCITT and the Technical Assistance Committee
and the assessment of those proposals by the Heads of Delegation, it shall
also set up Study Groups and, where appropriate, other groups. The PA shall
designate the Chairmen and Vice\(hyChairmen of Study Groups, Plan Committees
and any other
groups, after considering the proposals made by the heads of Delegation
(see\ \(sc\ 8\ above).
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fB10\fR
The programme of work of the PA shall be designed to
provide adequate time for consideration of the important administrative and
organizational aspects of the CCITT for the next study period. As a general
rule, the following sequence of work is recommended:
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
10.1
The PA shall examine the final reports of the Study Groups
and the report of the Director of the CCITT on activities in the previous
study period, approve Recommendations and note the lists of Questions
appearing in these reports.
.PP
While the PA is in session, Study Group Chairmen shall make
themselves available to the PA to supply information on matters which concern
their Study Groups.
.PP
10.2
The Committee on the Organization and Working Methods of the
CCITT shall meet to prepare proposals on the orgnization of the work of
the CCITT.
.PP
10.3
The Budget Control Committee shall meet to approve the budget
of the current PA and prepare a report proposing that the PA should approve
an estimate of the financial needs of the CCITT until the next PA, for
subsequent submission to the ITU Administrative Council in accordance
with No.\ 410 of the Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982).
.PP
10.4
The Technical Assistance Committee may meet at the same
time.
.PP
10.5
The PA shall appoint the Chairmen and Vice\(hyChairmen of Study
Groups, Plan Committees and any other groups for the new study period.
.PP
10.6
The Committee on the CCITT Work Programme shall meet to
prepare a draft programme of work
[see\ \(sc\ 6\ b)\ above].
.PP
\fB11\fR
On the proposal of the Committee on the CCITT Work
Programme, the PA shall:
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
    a)
    prepare the list and text of Questions set for study or
further study until the next PA;
.LP
    b)
    allocate these Questions to Study Groups and other
groups;
.LP
    c)
    decide, when a Question concerns several Study Groups,
whether:
.LP
    \(em
    to set up a Joint Working Party comprising members of
the Study Groups concerned, or
.LP
    \(em
    to entrust the study to a single Study Group, the
necessary coordination being effected within the
framework of national organizations;
.LP
    d)
    where appropriate, set up coordinating groups for each
family of Study Groups, comprising the Chairmen and
Vice\(hyChairmen of the Study Groups in the family concerned,
to coordinate any studies shared by Study Groups in that
family.
.PP
\fB12\fR
Recommendations prepared by Study Groups and put to the vote during a PA
shall be considered as approved if they obtain a majority of
votes; the minutes of the PA shall give the result of the vote without
listing the delegations which voted for or against, unless a delegation
expressly asks for its vote to be mentioned.
.bp
.sp 9p
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.PP
\fB13\fR
When a Recommendation is approved by the PA by a vote that
is not unanimous, the result of the vote shall be recorded in the
Recommendation as follows: \*QThe CCITT issues Recommendation\ . |  |
by a majority (of\ . |  |  votes to\ . |  | , with\ . |  |  abstentions).\*U
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.PP
\fB14\fR
When a country is not represented by an Administration, the representatives
of its recognized private operating agencies shall be entitled jointly,
whatever their number, to a single vote.
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.PP
\fB15\fR
The PA shall receive and consider the reports of the
Committees it has set up and take final decisions on the proposals submitted
to it by those Committees.
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II.\ \fIThe Director\fR
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\fB1\fR
The Director shall take the necessary preparatory measures for meetings
of the PA, Study Groups and other groups, and coordinate their
work so that the meetings produce the best results in the shortest possible
time. To this end he may decide, with the agreement of the Chairmen of Study
Groups, to set up Working Parties attached to one Study Group or Joint
Working Parties involving several Study Groups, for the purpose of studying
a Question or group of Questions. He shall fix, by agreement with the Chairmen,
the dates and programmes of Study Group and Working Party meetings and
shall group these meetings in time according to the nature of the work
and the availability of
the CCITT Secretariat.
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
\fB2\fR
In his estimate of the financial needs of the CCITT until the next PA,
the Director shall communicate to the PA (for information) a summary of
the accounts for the years which have elapsed since the preceding PA and
the estimated expenses of the CCITT to cover the latter's financial requirements
until the next PA.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The estimated expenses of the CCITT shall first be submitted for preliminary
examination to the Budget Control Committee; whose Chairman shall prepare
a report on the subject for the PA. After approval, the estimated
expenses of the CCITT shall be sent by the Director of the CCITT to the
Secretary\(hyGeneral of the Union, for submission to the Administrative
Council.
.PP
\fB3\fR
The Director shall communicate to the Secretary\(hyGeneral, for inclusion
in the annual budgetary estimates of the Union to be submitted to the Administrative
Council, the estimated expenses of the CCITT for the following year, on
the basis of the estimate of financial needs approved by the PA.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fB4\fR
The Director of the CCITT shall submit for preliminary
examination by the Budget Control Committee and thereafter for approval
by the PA, the accounts for expenditure incurred for the current PA.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fB5\fR
The Director shall submit to the PA a consolidated report on the proposals
he has received concerning the organization, terms of reference and work
programme of Study Groups and other groups for the next study period; he
may give his views on these proposals if he so desires.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
In addition, the Director may, within the limits imposed by the
Convention, submit to the PA any report or proposal which he considers would
help to improve the work of the CCITT, so that the PA may decide what action
to take. In particular, the Director shall submit to the PA such proposals
concerning the organization and terms of reference of the Study Groups
for the next study period as he may consider necessary.
.PP
\fB6\fR
After the close of the PA, the Director shall supply
Administrations of Members of the Union, recognized private operating agencies
and scientific or industrial organizations taking part in the CCITT's
activities with a list of the Study Groups and other groups set up by the
PA, indicating which Questions have been referred to the various Groups
for Study and asking them to advise him of the Study Groups or other groups
in which they wish to take part.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Furthermore, he shall supply the international organizations with a list
of the Study Groups and other groups set up by the PA, asking them to
advise him of the Study Groups or other groups in which they wish to
participate in an advisory capacity.
.PP
\fB7\fR
Administrations and other participating organizations are
urgently requested to supply these particulars after each PA, not later than
two months after they have received the circular of the Director of the
CCITT, and to update them regularly.
.bp
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fB8\fR
In the interval between PAs, when circumstances so demand,
the Director is authorized to take exceptional measures to ensure the
efficiency of work of the CCITT within the limits of the credits
available.
.sp 9p
.RT
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.ce 1000
III.\ \fIStudy Groups and other groups\fR
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\fB1\fR     \fBClassification of Study Groups\fR
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.PP
1.1
Study Groups shall be classified as normal Study Groups
and Joint CCITT/CCIR Study Groups.
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.PP
A clear description of the work area of each Study Group should be approved
by the PA.
.PP
1.2
A Joint Study Group, set up with the approval of the\ PA of
both CCIs, shall submit its draft Recommendations to the first PA to meet
after the drafts in question have been drawn up; the adoption by this PA
of draft
Recommendations submitted by a Joint Study Group shall be considered as
provisional, pending approval by the PA of the other CCI.
.PP
One of the CCIs shall be responsible for the management of a Joint Study
Group. The CCI concerned shall appoint the Chairman and the other CCI
shall appoint the Vice\(hyChairman.
.PP
1.3
To facilitate their work, Study Groups may set up Working
Parties for the preparatory study of some of the Questions assigned to
them by the PA.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB2\fR     \fBClassification of other groups\fR
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.RT
.PP
2.1
Special Autonomous Groups (GAS), which are established by and report directly
to the PA, deal with studies carried out by the CCITT
relating to the developing countries, in accordance with Nos.\ 14, 15,
20, 22, 24, 64 and\ 327 of the Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982).
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
2.2
A Joint Working Party, set up with the approval of the PA,
shall submit draft Recommendations to the controlling Study Group designated
by the PA which established it.
.PP
2.3
A Regional Group may be established to deal with Questions and
studies of particular interest to a group of countries and Administrations
in an ITU region (e.g. the TAF Group).
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB3\fR     \fBMeetings outside Geneva\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
3.1
In accordance with Opinion No.\ 1, Study Groups or Working
Parties may meet outside Geneva if invited to do so by Administrations or
recognized private operating agencies of countries that are Members of the
Union and if the holding of a meeting outside Geneva is desirable (e.g.\ in
association with symposiums or siminars). Such invitations shall be considered
only if they are submitted to a PA or a CCITT Study Group meeting and they
shall be finally accepted after consultation with the Director and if they
are compatible with the credits allocated to the CCITT by the Administrative
Council.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
3.2
The invitations mentioned in \(sc\ 3.1 above shall be issued and
accepted and the corresponding meetings outside Geneva organized only if the
conditions laid down in Resolution\ No.\ 3 annexed to the
Convention\ (Nairobi,\ 1982) and the ITU Administrative Council Decision\
No.\ 304 are met.
.PP
3.3
Should an invitation be cancelled for any reason, it shall be
proposed to Administrations that the meeting be convened in Geneva, in
principle on the date originally planned.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB4\fR     \fBParticipation in meetings\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
4.1
Administrations, recognized private operating agencies and
scientific or industrial organizations shall be represented, in the Study
Groups and other Groups in whose work they wish to take part, by participants
appointed by name and chosen by them as experts qualified to investigate
technically and economically satisfactory solutions to the Questions under
study. Exceptionally, however, registration with a Study Group or other
Group may be made without specifying the name of the participants concerned.
International organizations
.FS
Organizations participating in an advisory
capacity in the work of the CCITT as recognized in Articles\ 68 and\ 72 of the
International Telecommunications Convention.
.FE
shall give the names of the   observers by whom they wish to be represented.
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
.bp
.PP
4.2
To study Questions of common interest to the CCITT and the
CCIR, Administrations, recognized private operating agencies and scientific
or industrial organizations may also appoint participants in the CCIR to
a Study Group of the CCITT; such an appointment does not entail any obligation
to share in the expenses of the CCITT.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB5\fR     \fBFrequency of meetings\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
5.1
Study Groups shall normally meet once in the period between the end of
a PA and the meetings mentioned in \(sc\ 5.5 below. However, additional
meetings may be held, with the approval of the Director of the CCITT, to
discuss questions which cannot be resolved by correspondence [No.\ 427 of the
Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982)]. In particular, such extra meetings could
facilitate the approval of new Recommendations using the procedure in
Resolution No.\ 2.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
5.2
In the establishment of the work programme, the timetable of
meetings must take into account the time required for Administrations,
RPOAs, ISOs and international organizations (participating bodies) to react
and
prepare Contributions. Meetings should not be held more frequently than is
necessary to make effective progress and should take into account the
Secretariat's capabilities to provide the necessary documentation. A meeting
scheduled so that its separation from a preceding meeting, upon which it
depends, is less than 6 to 8\ months, may incur the possibility of full
documentation not being available.
.PP
5.3
Meetings of Study Groups having common interests or dealing
with problems possessing affinities should, if possible, be arranged so
as to enable participating bodies to send one delegate or representative
to cover
several meetings. As far as possible, the arrangement chosen should enable
the Study Groups meeting during the period to exchange any information
they may
require without delay. Furthermore, it should enable specialists from all
over the world in the same or related subjects to have direct contacts
with each
other of benefit to their organizations. It should likewise enable the
specialists concerned to avoid leaving their home countries too often.
.PP
5.4
The timetable of meetings shall be prepared and communicated to
participating bodies well in advance (one year), to give time to study
problems and submit Contributions within the prescribed time\(hylimits
and to give the CCITT Secretariat time to distribute the Contributions.
In this way, Study Group Chairmen and delegates will be given the opportunity
to consider the
Contributions in advance, thus helping to make meetings more efficient and
reduce their length.
.PP
5.5
The final meetings of Study Groups late in each study
period shall end not less than four months before the beginning of the
PA, to ensure the preparation of full and homogeneous final reports and
to give
delegates to the PA an opportunity to study them thoroughly.
.PP
5.6
To meet the objectives stated in \(sc\ III.10 below, the schedule
of final Study Group meetings shall be drawn up in the light of circumstances
by the Director of the CCITT in consultation with the Chairman of each
Study
Group.
.PP
5.7
A study Group may schedule meetings to be conducted on ongoing
activities under the existing organization of the Study Group in the time
period between the final meeting and its first meeting in the new study
period in consultation with the Director of the CCITT. Such ongoing activities
shall be listed in the report of its final meeting.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB6\fR     \fBPreparation of studies and meetings\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
6.1
At the beginning of each study period an organization proposal and an action
plan for the study period shall be prepared by each Chairman with the help
of the CCITT Secretariat. The plan should take into account any
priorities and coordination arrangements decided by the Plenary Assembly.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
How the proposed action plan is implemented will depend upon the Contributions
received from the members of the CCITT and the view expressed by participants
in the meetings.
.PP
6.2
A Collective\(hyletter with an agenda of the meeting, a draft work
plan and a listing of the Questions to be examined shall be prepared by the
the CCITT\ Secretariat with the help of the Chairman.
.PP
The work plan should state which Questions are to be studied on
each day, but it must be regarded as subject to change in the light of
the rate at which work proceeds. Chairmen should try to follow it as far
as possible.
.bp
.PP
This Collective\(hyletter should be received by bodies participating in
the activities of particular CCITT Study Groups, as far as practicable,
two
months before the beginning of the meeting. The Collective\(hyletter shall
include a registration form for these bodies to indicate participation
in the meeting. This registration form should be returned to the CCITT
Secretariat so that it is received one month before the start of the meeting.
The registration form
should indicate the names of the expected participants. In the event that
names cannot be provided, the expected number of participants should be
indicated.
Such information will facilitate the registration process and the timely
preparation of registration materials. Individuals who attend the meeting
without pre\(hyregistration may experience a delay in receiving their
documents.
.PP
If the meeting in question has not been previously planned and
scheculed or if an approval under Resolution No.\ 2 is intended, a Circular
should be received at least three months before the meeting.
.RT
.PP
6.3
If an insufficient number of Contributions or notification
of delayed Contributions has been submitted, no meeting should be held. The
decision whether to cancel a meeting or not shall be taken by the Director
of the CCITT, in agreement with the Chairman of the Study Group or Working
Party concerned.
.PP
6.4
If it appears from the Contributions received that there is
agreement on the reply to a Question (or part of a Question), the Chairman,
with the assistance of the CCITT\ Secretariat, may submit a draft reply,
possibly accompanied by a draft Recommendation.
.PP
6.5
If the Contributions received reveal divergent proposals or
points of view, the Secretariat, in collaboration with the Chairman, may
prepare a summary of the different positions on the Question and the stage
reached in the study.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB7\fR     \fBConduct of meetings\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
7.1
The Chairman shall direct the debates during the meeting, with the assistance
of the CCITT Secretariat.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
7.2
The Chairman is authorized to decide that there shall be no
discussion on Questions on which an insufficient number of Contributions
have been received.
.PP
7.3
Questions which have not elicited any Contribution should not
be placed on the agenda of the meeting, and at the end of the study period
should be deleted from the list of Questions to be studied.
.PP
7.4
Study Groups and Working Parties may set up working teams
(which should be as small as possible) during their meetings, to study
Questions allocated to those Study Groups and Working Parties.
.PP
7.5
A Study Group may entrust a Question or group of Questions to
an ad\ hoc Working Party for preliminary study. It may, by agreement with
another Study Group (or, if necessary, with other Study Groups) entrust an
ad\ hoc Joint Working Party with the study of a Question or group of Questions
of common interest to the Study Groups concerned. If urgent, it may be
established by agreement among the relevant Study Group Chairmen and in
consultation with the Director of the CCITT. One of these Study Groups,
known as the controlling Study Group, shall have final responsibility for
the study. The Contributions used as a basis for discussion in the ad\
hoc Joint Working
Party shall be sent exclusively to those registered in the ad\ hoc Joint
Working Party; only the reports of ad\ hoc Joint Working Parties shall
be sent to all
participating bodies of the Study Groups concerned.
.PP
7.6
Working Parties or Sub\(hyWorking Parties should be set up by
Study Groups only after thorough consideration of the Questions. Proliferation
of Working Parties and sub\(hygroups should be avoided as far as possible.
.PP
7.7
The meetings of regional tariff groups shall, in principle, be
limited to delegates and representatives of Administrations and recognized
private operating agencies [for the definition of these terms see Annex\ 2 to
the Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982)]. However, each regional tariff group may
invite other participants to attend all or part of a meeting.
.PP
7.8
There should be an established format for liaison statements
between Study Groups and/or between Working Parties. This should include:
.LP
    \(em
    the origin of the liaison documents;
.LP
    \(em
    the nature of information and the goal, for instance:
.LP
    \(em
    documents submitted for action,
.LP
    \(em
    documents submitted for comment,
.LP
    \(em
    documents for information etc.,\ . |  |
.bp
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB8\fR     \fBUse of Special Rapporteurs and liaison representatives\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
8.1
The study of Questions by correspondence should be
encouraged as far as practicable, at least during the early stages of study.
For this purpose, a Study Group or Working Party may instruct a Special
Rapporteur, appointed personally by the Study Group or Working Party and
working alone or in collaboration with others, to make a preliminary analysis
of the more complex Questions and/or to prepare a draft reply to a Question
for submission to the Study Group or Working Party.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
8.2
A Special Rapporteur working with a group of collaborators,
shall choose the most appropriate method of work \(em\ correspondence or
meetings of the group. The Special Rapporteur should establish a list of
collaborators (members of the Rapporteur Group). At subsequent meetings,
this list should
be updated and a copy given to the CCITT Secretariat.
.PP
The Special Rapporteur shall submit a report on the results of the work
for examination at the next meeting of the Study Group or Working Party.
.PP
8.3
The following are examples of ways in which a Special
Rapporteur may work.
.PP
8.3.1
By one method, a single Special Rapporteur may be designated to
analyse the contents of Contributions distributed in the normal manner
and to draw up a report, which is itself submitted as a Contribution, setting
out the results of this analysis.
.PP
8.3.2
By another method, a Special Rapporteur may be appointed for the study
of a single Question requiring detailed consideration before decisions
can be taken. The Special Rapporteur works primarily by correspondence
with any other collaborators interested in the preliminary study of the
Question.
Contributions should be submitted directly to the Special Rapporteur (with a
copy, if desired, to the CCITT Secretariat). The CCITT Secretariat and,
through it, the ITU common services are at the disposal of the Special
Rapporteur for the translation and distribution of any document. However,
the distribution of preliminary documentation is limited to the members
of the group collaborating with the Special Rapporteur.
.PP
There will often come a time when the study cannot progress
further by correspondence alone; the Special Rapporteur, after consulting
with collaborators on the necessity for a meeting and the availability
of
Contributions, may call a meeting of collaborators subject to the agreement
of the Study Group (or Study Group Chairman, in consultation with the Director
of CCITT \(em\ if for timing reasons it is not possible to obtain the Study
Group's
agreement). The Special Rapporteur shall be responsible for all the necessary
arrangements for such meetings, ensuring that adequate notice for the meeting
is given to collaborators. In the case where close coordination is required
between Special Rapporteurs in several Study Groups who are dealing with
closely related Questions, a meeting of these Special Rapporteurs may be
called subject to the agreement of the Study Groups concerned (or Study
Group Chairmen in consultation with the Director of CCITT\ \(em if\ for
timing reasons it is not
possible to obtain the Study Group's agreement).
.PP
8.3.3
When the work is completed or cannot progress any further, the
Special Rapporteur prepares a document for submission to the Study Group
responsible for the Question. This document, which constitutes the report of
the Special Rapporteur, may include a draft Recommendation, if it is possible
to formulate one. When the views expressed are too numerous and too divergent,
a summary of the observations may be made and responsibility for further
study of the Question will then revert to the Study Group.
.PP
8.4
When an area of study requires coordination between several
Study Groups, Liaison Representatives are nominated.
.FS
The Special
Rapporteurs themselves may be nominated as the Liaison Representatives
to one or more Study Groups or several Liaison Representatives for a Question
within a Study Group may be appointed, depending on the number of other
Study Groups with which liaison is required.
.FE
It is the responsibility of the Liaison
Representative, together with the CCITT Secretariat, to ensure effective
personal liaison with the involved Study Groups (CCITT and CCIR), based on
specific terms of reference and working methods determined by the Study
Group.
.PP
8.5
Progress reports with proposed draft Recommendations to be
translated should be received by the Director of the CCITT two months before
the next meeting of the parent Study Group or Working Party.
.PP
Additional reports and liaison documents to be made available
for a meeting of a Study Group or a Working Party should be received at the
CCITT Secretariat at least seven working days before the meeting. Exceptions
can be admitted only if the date of the meeting which originates the document
does not allow a timely submission. In no case shall liaison documents
sent
from one CCITT Study Group be reproduced as white Contributions in another
CCITT Study Group.
.PP
The liaison statements must be prepared on separate sheets of
paper annexed to the report.
.bp
.RT
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB9\fR \fBPreparation of reports of Study Groups, Working Parties or ad
hoc Joint Working Parties, Recommendations and new Questions\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
9.1
A report on the work done during a meeting of a Study Group,
Working Party or ad hoc Joint Working Party shall be prepared by the
Secretariat of the CCITT. Reports of meetings not attended by the CCITT
Secretariat should be prepared under the responsibility of the Chairman
of the meeting. This report should set out, in a condensed form, the results
of the
meeting and the agreements reached and should identify the points left
to the next meeting for further study. The number of annexes to the report
should be kept to a strict minimum by means of cross\(hyreferences to Contributions,
reports,\ etc., and references to material in the documentation of a Study
Group or Working Party. It would be desirable to have a concise summary
of delayed
Contributions (or equivalent) considered by the meeting.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The report should consist of two parts:
.LP
\fR
    PART\ I
    \(em
    Organization of work, references to and possible
summary of Contributions and/or documents issued during
a meeting, main results, directive for future work,
planned meetings or Working Parties, Sub\(hyWorking
Parties and Rapporteur Groups, and condensed liaison
statements endorsed at the Study Group level.
.LP
\fR
    PART\ II
    \(em
    Draft Recommendations or modified Recommendations
accepted by the meeting as mature.
.PP
9.2
To assist the CCITT Secretariat in this task, the Study Group
or Working Party may arrange for delegates to draft some parts ot the report.
The Secretariat should coordinate this drafting work. If necessary, the
meeting sets up an Editorial Group to improve the texts of draft Recommendations
in the three working languages.
.PP
9.3
If possible, the report shall be submitted for approval before
the end of the meeting; otherwise it shall be submitted to the Chairman
of the meeting for approval.
.PP
9.4\fR
When existing and already translated CCITT texts have been
used for some parts of the report, a copy of the report annotated with
references to the original sources should also be sent to the CCITT
Secretariat. If the report contains CCITT figures, the CCITT number should
not be deleted even if the figure has been modified.
.PP
9.5\fR
The procedure for the approval of Recommendations in
Resolution\ No.\ 2 should be used when it appears to a Study Group that
a draft has reached an adequate state of completion and agreement. In deciding
to
utilize this procedure consideration should be taken of the time remaining
before the next Plenary Assembly.
.PP
9.6\fR
Draft new Recommendations should not be submitted to the
procedure of Resolution No.\ 2 nor to the Plenary Assembly for approval while
the texts are of a provisional nature.
.PP
9.7\fR
CCITT participating bodies are authorized to transmit Study Group or Working
Party reports and documents to any experts they consider it
expedient to consult, except where the Study Group or Working Party concerned
has specifically decided that its report, or a document, is to be treated
as
confidential.
.PP
9.8\fR
Chairmen are requested to apply more stringently the criteria
of CCITT Opinion No.\ 3 on the preliminary examination of draft new Questions.
Towards the close of each study period the attention of Study Groups should
be drawn to this Opinion, so that they may apply the criteria it contains
when
preparing draft new Questions.
.PP
9.9
The report of a Study Group's first meeting in the study
period shall include a list of all the Special Rapporteurs appointed. This
list shall be updated, as required, in subsequent reports.
.PP
9.10\fR When Questions arise during the interval between Plenary
Assemblies, they may be studied when requested or approved by correspondence
by at least twenty Members of the Union.
.PP
Before such a Question can be adopted by the Study Group seeking it, the
approval referred to above should be endorsed by the Director. The
Director should only give this endorsement if a similar Question has not
already been allocated to another Study Group.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB10\fR     \fBFinal meetings of Study Groups\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
10.1
All Study Groups shall meet sufficiently in advance of the PA for the final
report of each Study Group to reach Administrations at least one month
before the PA (see also \(sc\(sc\ III.5.5 and\ III.5.6).
.bp
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
10.2
The Director shall advise Administrations, RPOAs, scientific and industrial
organizations and international organizations of the dates of the
final Study Group meetings by a Collective\(hyletter which must be received
three months in advance so that, among other things, draft Questions for
study in the next study period may be submitted in accordance with Opinion
No.\ 3.
.PP
10.3
On conclusion of the study of each Question, Study Groups may
appoint one or two members to prepare a text summing up the final results of
the work. This document would be of assistance to the Chairman and the CCITT
Secretariat in establishing the final report.
.PP
10.4
The final report of each Study Group is the responsibility of
the Study Group Chairman, and shall include:
.LP
    \(em
    a short and comprehensive summary of the results achieved in
the study period by submitting a synoptic tabular summary of
the replies to the Questions, indicating in particular which
new and amended draft Recommendations have been prepared
identifying the scope, the application and the importance of
these draft Recommendations;
.LP
    \(em
    the final text of new draft Recommendations and of draft
amendments to existing Recommendations;
.LP
    \(em
    reference to any new or revised Recommendations that have
been adopted during the study period under the provisions of
Resolution\ No.\ 2
.FS
This point may be subject to change
following decisions of the 1989 Plenipotentiary
Conference.
.FE
;
.LP
    \(em
    the list of Questions proposed to the Plenary Assembly for
the following study period.
.PP
10.5
The final report shall be the document forwarded to the PA.
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
IV.\ \fISubmission and processing of Contributions\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB1\fR     \fBSubmission of Contributions\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
1.1
Administrations, recognized private operating agencies,
scientific or industrial organizations and international organizations
registered with a Study Group or other Group, the Chairmen and Vice\(hyChairmen
of Study Groups and Working Parties and participants in Study Groups or
Working
Parties shall send their Contributions to current studies by official letter
to the Director of the CCITT.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
1.2
These Contributions shall contain comments or results of
experiments and proposals designed to further the studies to which they
relate.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB2\fR     \fBProcessing of Contributions\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
2.1
Contributions received at least two months before a meeting
shall be published in the normal way. As far as possible, the Director shall
group the Contributions received Question by Question, have the necessary
translations made and send them to participants in the working language they
desire, before the date laid down for the opening of the Study Group or
Working Party meeting which has the Question concerned on its agenda.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
2.2
If a Chairman, in agreement with the participants of his
Study Group (or Working Party), states that his Study Group (or Working
Party) is willing to use documents in the original working language, the
Director
shall send out the documents, grouped as specified in \(sc\ 2.1 above,
without having them translated.
.PP
2.3\fR
Contributions received by the Director less than two months
but not less than 7\ working days before the date set for the opening of a
meeting cannot be handled under the procedure outlined in \(sc\ 2.1 above
and shall be published as \*Qdelayed Contributions\*U in the form in which they
are received, in their original language only and (where applicable) in the
second working language into which they have been translated by the sender;
they shall be distributed at the beginning of the meeting to only the
participants present. Draft Recommendations submitted within this period of
time will be translated into working languages. As far as possible,
participating bodies should advise the CCITT Secretariat about any forthcoming
\*Qdelayed Contribution\*U and its contents, at least two months before
the
meeting.
.PP
2.4\fR
Delayed Contributions should be available from the Secretariat at least
one working day before the meeting.
.LP
.bp
.PP
2.5
Contributions received by the Director less than 7\ working
days before the meeting will not appear on the agenda of the meeting, will
not be distributed and will be held for the next meeting. Contributions
judged to be of extreme importance may be admitted by the Director at shorter
notice.
.PP
2.6\fR
The Director of the CCITT should insist that participating bodies follow
the rules established for the presentation, form and timing of
documents, set out in Recommendation\ A.1. A reminder Circular should be sent
out by the Director whenever appropriate.
.PP
2.7
The Director of the CCITT, with the agreement of the Study
Group Chairman, may return to the contributor any document which does not
comply with the general directives set out in Recommendation\ A.1, so that it
may be brought into line with those directives.
.PP
2.8\fR
The CCITT Secretariat shall not reissue delayed Contributions
as normal Contributions, unless otherwise decided by the Study Group or
Working Party in cases of special interest and importance. Delayed Contributions
shall not be included in reports as annexes.
.PP
2.9
Some Contributions of general (and not merely incidental)
interest which may, for example, be of some scientific importance (measurement
results), although received too late to be distributed before a meeting
and
therefore issued as delayed Contributions, might exceptionally be distributed
later as Contributions.
.PP
2.10\fR Contributions should, as far as possible, be submitted to a
single Study Group. If, however, a participating body submits a Contribution
which it believes is of interest to several Study Groups, it should identify
both the Study Group primarily concerned and the other Study Groups involved.
The Contribution will be issued in full to the Study Group primarily concerned
and a single sheet giving the title of the Contribution, its source and
a
summary of its contents will be issued to the other Study Groups. This
single sheet will be numbered in the series of Contributions of each Study
Group to
which it is issued.
.PP
2.11\fR Extracts from reports of other Study Group meetings or from
reports of Chairmen, Special Rapporteurs or Drafting Groups received less
than two months before the meeting shall be published as temporary documents
and
distributed during the meeting to participants.
.PP
2.12
Temporary documents containing extracts from reports of other
Study Group or Working Party meetings shall not be reissued by the CCITT
Secretariat as normal Contributions, since they have usually served their
purpose at the meeting and some relevant parts may already have been
included in the report of the meeting.
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 2\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBApproval of new and revised Recommendations\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 2''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 2    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBbetween Plenary Assemblies\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Mar del Plata, 1968; Geneva, 1972, 1976 and 1980;\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIMalaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984; Melbourne 1988)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that rapid changes in technology and telecommunication services make it
desirable for an accelerated procedure to be used for the
approval of new and revised Recommendations between Plenary Assemblies;
.PP
(b)
that use of this procedure should be encouraged to
reduce the work\(hyload of Plenary Assemblies;
.bp
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIdecides\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that the approval of new and revised Recommendations between
Plenary\ Assemblies may be sought from Members in accordance with the following
rules:
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB1\fR     \fBPrerequisites\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
1.1
Upon request of the Study  Group Chairman the Director of the
CCITT shall explicitly announce the intention to seek to apply the approval
procedure set out in this Resolution when convening the meeting of the Study
Group. HeB/Fshe shall include the specific intent of the proposal in summarized
form. Reference shall be provided to the report or other documents where
the text of the draft new Recommendation or the draft revised Recommendation
to be considered may be found.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
This information shall also be distributed to all Members.
.PP
The invitation to the meeting as well as the advice on the
intended use of this approval procedure should be sent by the Director
of the CCITT so that it shall be received, so far as practicable, at least
three
months before the meeting.
.RT
.PP
1.2
Approval may only be sought for a draft new Recommendation
within the Study Group's mandate as defined by the Questions allocated
to it in accordance with Article\ 58, No.\ 326 of the Nairobi Convention.
Alternatively, or additionally, approval may be sought for amendment of
an existing
Recommendation within the Study Group's mandate, unless the text of that
Recommendation specifically excludes application of this procedure.
.PP
1.3 \fR Where a draft Recommendation (or revision) falls within the
mandate of more than one Study Group, the Chairman of the Study Group proposing
the approval should consult and take into account the views of any other
Study\ Group Chairmen concerned before proceeding with the application
of this approval procedure.
.PP
1.4\fR
In the interests of stability, revision of a Recommendation
approved during a given study period should not normally be put to this
procedure again during the same study period unless the proposed revision
complements rather than changes the agreement reached in the previous
version.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB2\fR     \fBRequirements at the Study Group's meeting\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
2.1
After debate at the Study Group's meeting the decision of
the Delegations to apply this approval procedure must be unanimous (but
see \(sc\ 2.3).
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
2.2
This decision must be reached during the meeting upon the
basis of a text available in its final form to all participants at the
meeting. Exceptionally, but only during the meeting, delegations may request
more time to consider their positions. Unless the Director of the CCITT
is advised of
formal opposition from any of these Delegations within a period of six
weeks after the last day of the meeting, he shall proceed in accordance with
section\ 3.1.
.PP
2.3
A delegate may advise at the meeting that his/her delegation
is abstaining from the decision to apply the procedure. This delegation's
presence shall then be ignored for the purposes of \(sc\ 2.1 above. Such
an abstention may subsequently be revoked, but only during the course of the
meeting.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB3\fR     \fBConsultation\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
3.1
Within one month of a Study Group's final decision to seek
approval, the Director of the CCITT shall request Members to inform him/her
within three months whether they approve or do not approve the proposal.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
This request shall be accompanied by reference to the complete
final text in the three working languages of the proposed new Recommendation
of the proposed revised Recommendation.
.PP
3.2
The CCITT Secretariat shall also advise recognized private
operating agencies, scientific or industrial organizations and international
organizations participating in the work of the Study Group in question that
Members are being asked to respond to a consultation on a proposed new
Recommendation or proposed revised Recommendation, but only Members are
entitled to respond.
.bp
.PP
3.3
If 70% or more of the replies from Members indicate approval,
the proposal shall be accepted.
.PP
If the proposal is not accepted it shall be referred back to
the Study Group. Subject to further consideration in the Study Group, the
proposal may be submitted again for approval, either using the procedure set
out in this Resolution (including the prerequisites in Section\ 1 above) or
through the Plenary Assembly according to section\ I.12 of Resolution No.\ 1.
.PP
3.4
Those Members who indicate disapproval are encouraged to
advise their reasons and to indicate possible changes in order to facilitate
further consideration by the Study Group.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB4\fR     \fBNotification\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
4.1\fR The Director of the CCITT shall promptly notify the results
of the consultation by Circular\(hyletter.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The Director of the CCITT shall arrange that this information is also included
in the next available ITU Notification.
.PP
4.2
Should minor, purely editorial amendments or correction of
evident oversights or inconsistencies in the text as presented for approval
be necessary, the CCITT Secretariat may correct these with the approval
of the
Chairman of the Study Group.
.PP
4.3
Any comments received along with responses to the consultation
shall be collected by the CCITT Secretariat and submitted to the next meeting
of the Study Group or to the relevant Special Rapporteur for consideration.
.PP
4.4
The Secretary General shall publish the approved new
Recommendations or revised Recommendations in the working languages as
soon as practicable, indicating, as necessary, a date of entry into effect.
.PP
\fINote\fR \ \(em\ For the purpose of this Resolution, use of the term
\*Qmember\*U should not be read as having any implications for the customary
practice of each country in dealing with CCITT matters. It should be further
noted that Article\ 11 of the Nairobi Convention, Nos.\ 86 and\ 87, states that
Administrations of all Members of the Union are, of right, members of the
CCITT.
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 3\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBParticipation in CCITT activities\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 3''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 3    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBCommunications submitted to Plan Committees,\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBsymposia and seminars\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1964; Mar del Plata, 1968; Geneva, 1972 and 1976)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fInoting\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Administrative Council Resolution No. 402
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIemphasizes the advantage\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
for countries Members of the ITU of participating in CCITT
activities by sending suitable delegations for continuing participation in
Study Groups, Working Parties and Plan Committees;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIdecides\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that certain technical papers submitted to the Plan Committees and to symposia
organized on the occasion of Study Group meetings should be widely disseminated;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIfurther decides\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that the CCITT should organize seminars periodically which might give a
general view of the CCITT organization and examine in detail selected
subjects of general interest.
.bp
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 4\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBPublication of the CCITT Book\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 4''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 4    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1958; New Delhi, 1960; Geneva, 1964;\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fIMar del Plata, 1968; Geneva, 1972, 1976 and 1980;\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIMalaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984; Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIdecides that\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
The CCITT Book shall be published in separate volumes
and fascicles according to the following plan:
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ I\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.LP
FASCICLE\ I.1
    \(em
    Minutes and reports of the Plenary
Assembly.
.LP
    List of Study Groups and Questions under study.
.LP
FASCICLE\ I.2
    \(em
    Opinions and Resolutions.
.LP
    Recommendations on the organization and working
procedures of CCITT (Series\ A).
.LP
FASCICLE\ I.3
    \(em
    Terms and definitions. Abbreviations and acronyms.
Recommendations on means of expression (Series\ B) and
General telecommunications statistics (Series\ C).
.LP
FASCICLE\ I.4
    \(em
    Index of Blue Book.
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ II\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
FASCICLE\ II.1
    \(em
    General tariff principles \(em Charging and
accounting in international telecommunications
services. Series\ D Recommendations
(Study Group\ III).
.LP
FASCICLE\ II.2
    \(em
    Telephone network and ISDN \(em Operation, numbering,
routing and mobile service.
Recommendations E.100\(hyE.333 (Study Group\ II).
.LP
FASCICLE\ II.3
    \(em
    Telephone network and ISDN \(em Quality of service,
network management and traffic engineering.
Recommendations\ E.401\(hyE.880 (Study Group\ II).
.LP
FASCICLE\ II.4
    \(em
    Telegraph and mobile services \(em Operations and quality
of service. Recommendations\ F.1\(hyF.140
(Study Group\ I).
.LP
FASCICLE\ II.5
    \(em
    Telematic, data transmission and teleconference
services\ \(em Operations and quality of service.
Recommendations\ F.160\(hyF.353, F.600, F.601, F.710\(hyF.730
(Study Group\ I).
.LP
FASCICLE\ II.6
    \(em
    Message handling and directory services \(em Operations and
definition of service. Recommendations\ F.400\(hyF.422,
F.500 (Study Group\ I).
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ III\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.1
    \(em
    General characteristics of international telephone
connections and circuits. Recommendations\ G.100\(hyG.181
(Study Groups\ XII and XV).
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.2
    \(em
    International analogue carrier systems.
Recommendations\ G.211\(hyG.544
(Study Group\ XV).
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.3
    \(em
    Transmission media \(em Characteristics.
Recommendations\ G.601\(hyG.654 (Study Group XV).
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.4
    \(em
    General aspects of digital transmission systems;
terminal equipments. Recommendations\ G.700\(hyG.795
(Study Groups\ XV and\ XVIII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.5
    \(em
    Digital networks, digital sections and digital line
systems. Recommendations\ G.801\(hyG.961
(Study Groups\ XV and\ XVIII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.6
    \(em
    Line transmission of non\(hytelephone signals.
Transmission of sound\(hyprogramme and television signals.
Series\ H and\ J Recommendations
(Study Group\ XV).
.bp
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.7
    \(em
    Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) \(em General
structure and service capabilities.
Recommendations\ I.110\(hyI.257
(Study Group\ XVIII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.8
    \(em
    Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) \(em Overall
network aspects and functions, ISDN user\(hynetwork
interfaces. Recommendations\ I.310\(hyI.470
(Study Group\ XVIII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ III.9
    \(em
    Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) \(em
Internetwork interfaces and maintenance principles.
Recommendations\ I.500\(hyI.605
(Study Group\ XVIII).
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ IV\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
FASCICLE\ IV.1
    \(em
    General maintenance principles: maintenance of
international transmission systems and telephone circuits.
Recommendations\ M.10\(hyM.782
(Study Group\ IV).
.LP
FASCICLE\ IV.2
    \(em
    Maintenance of international telegraph, phototelegraph
and leased circuits. Maintenance of the international
public telephone network. Maintenance of maritime satellite
and data transmission systems.
Recommendations\ M.800\(hyM.1375 (Study Group\ IV).
.LP
FASCICLE\ IV.3
    \(em
    Maintenance of international sound\(hyprogramme and
television transmission circuits. Series\ N
Recommendations (Study Group\ IV).
.LP
FASCICLE\ IV.4
    \(em
    Specifications for measuring equipment. Series O
Recommendations (Study Group\ IV).
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ V\fR     \(em
    Telephone transmission quality. Series P
Recommendations (Study Group\ XII).
.sp 9p
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ VI\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.1
    \(em
    General Recommendations on telephone switching and
signalling. Functions and information flows for services
in the ISDN. Supplements.
Recommendations\ Q.1\(hyQ.118 | fIbis\fR (Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.2
    \(em
    Specifications of Signalling Systems Nos. 4 and 5.
Recommendations\ Q.120\(hyQ.180
(Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.3
    \(em
    Specifications of Signalling System No. 6.
Recommendations Q.251\(hyQ.300 (Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.4
    \(em
    Specifications of Signalling Systems R1 and R2.
Recommendations\ Q.310\(hyQ.490 (Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.5
    \(em
    Digital local, transit, combined and international
exchanges in integrated digital networks and mixed
analogue\(hydigital networks. Supplements.
Recommendations\ Q.500\(hyQ.554 (Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.6
    \(em
    Interworking of signalling systems.
Recommendations\ Q.601\(hyQ.699 (Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.7
    \(em
    Specifications of Signalling System No. 7.
Recommendations Q.700\(hyQ.716 (Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.8
    \(em
    Specifications of Signalling System No. 7.
Recommendations Q.721\(hyQ.766 (Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.9
    \(em
    Specifications of Signalling System No. 7.
Recommendations Q.771\(hyQ.795 (Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.10
    \(em
    Digital subscriber signalling system No. 1 (DSS 1),
data link layer. Recommendations Q.920\(hyQ.921
(Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.11
    \(em
    Digital subscriber signalling system No. 1 (DSS 1),
network layer,
user\(hynetwork management. Recommendations\ Q.930\(hyQ.940
(Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.12
    \(em
    Public land mobile network. Interworking with ISDN
and PSTN. Recommendations\ Q.1000\(hyQ.1032
(Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.13
    \(em
    Public land mobile network. Mobile application part
and interfaces. Recommendations\ Q.1051\(hyQ.1063
(Study Group\ XI).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VI.14
    \(em
    Interworking with satellite mobile systems.
Recommendations\ Q.1100\(hyQ.1152
(Study Group\ XI).
.bp
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ VII\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
FASCICLE\ VII.1
    \(em
    Telegraph transmission. Series R Recommendations.
Telegraph services terminal equipment.
Series\ S Recommendations
(Study Group\ IX).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VII.2
    \(em
    Telegraph switching. Series U Recommendations
(Study Group\ IX).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VII.3
    \(em
    Terminal equipment and protocols for telematic
services. Recommendations T.0\(hyT.63
(Study Group\ VIII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VII.4
    \(em
    Conformance testing procedures for the Teletex
Recommendations. Recommendation\ T.64
(Study Group\ VIII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VII.5
    \(em
    Terminal equipment and protocols for telematic
services. Recommendations\ T.65\(hyT.101, T.150\(hyT.390
(Study Group\ VIII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VII.6
    \(em
    Terminal equipment and protocols for telematic
services. Recommendations\ T.400\(hyT.418
(Study Group\ VIII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VII.7
    \(em
    Terminal equipment and protocols for telematic
services. Recommendations\ T.431\(hyT.564
(Study Group\ VIII).
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ VIII\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
FASCICLE\ VIII.1
    \(em
    Data communication over the telephone network.
Series\ V Recommendations (Study Group\ XVII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VIII.2
    \(em
    Data communication networks: services and
facilities, interfaces.
Recommendations\ X.1\(hyX.32 (Study Group\ VII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VIII.3
    \(em
    Data communication networks: transmission, signalling
and switching, network aspects, maintenance
and administrative arrangements.
Recommendations X.40\(hyX.181 (Study Group\ VII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VIII.4
    \(em
    Data communication networks: Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI)\ \(em Model and notation,
service definition. Recommendations X.200\(hyX.219
(Study Group\ VII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VIII.5
    \(em
    Data communication networks: Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI)\ \(em Protocol specifications,
conformance testing.
Recommendations\ X.220\(hyX.290 (Study Group\ VII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VIII.6
    \(em
    Data communication networks: interworking between
networks, mobile data transmission systems, internetwork
management. Recommendations\ X.300\(hyX.370
(Study Group\ VII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VIII.7
    \(em
    Data communication networks: message handling
systems.
Recommendations\ X.400\(hyX.420 (Study Group\ VII).
.LP
FASCICLE\ VIII.8
    \(em
    Data communication networks: directory.
Recommendations\ X.500\(hyX.521 (Study Group\ VII).
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ IX\fR     \(em
    Protection against interference. Series K
Recommendations (Study Group\ V). Construction,
installation and protection of cable and other
elements of outside plant. Series\ L Recommendations
(Study Group\ VI).
.sp 9p
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ \fBVolume\ X\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
FASCICLE\ X.1
    \(em
    Functional Specification and Description Language (SDL).
Criteria for using Formal Description Techniques (FDTs).
Recommendation\ Z.100 and
Annexes\ A, B, C and\ E, Recommendation\ Z.110
(Study Group\ X).
.LP
FASCICLE\ X.2
    \(em
    Annex D to Recommendation Z.100: SDL user guidelines
(Study Group\ X).
.LP
FASCICLE\ X.3
    \(em
    Annex F.1 to Recommendation Z.100: SDL formal
definition. Introduction (Study Group\ X).
.LP
FASCICLE\ X.4
    \(em
    Annex F.2 to Recommendation Z.100: SDL formal
definition. Static semantics (Study Group\ X).
.LP
FASCICLE\ X.5
    \(em
    Annex F.3 to Recommendation Z.100: SDL formal
definition. Dynamic semantics
(Study Group\ X).
.bp
.LP
FASCICLE\ X.6
    \(em
    CCITT High Level Language (CHILL). Recommendation Z.200
(Study Group\ X).
.LP
FASCICLE\ X.7
    \(em
    Man\(hyMachine Language (MML). Recommendations Z.301\(hyZ.341
(Study Group\ X).
.PP
(2)
Except for Volume I, each volume or fascicle sold
separately will contain, in its subject area:
.LP
    \(em
     the texts of the Recommendations (in principle, worldwide in scope, or
in particular cases, of a regional nature);
.LP
    \(em
     the text of supplements of a documentary nature, adopted by the Study
Groups, which cannot be published as ordinary contributions. These
supplements should be limited in number and if included already in a preceding
Book, will not be republished.
.PP
The technical terms, together with their definitions found
throughout the Book will be collected and published in Fascicle\ I.3.
.PP
(3)
Each volume or fascicle will be published in A4 format with a cover whose
colour will rotate successively, after each Plenary
Assembly, through the colours of previous CCITT\ Books, in their chronological
order (i.e.\ blue, white, green, orange, yellow and\ red).
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 5\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBNumbering and lay\(hyout of CCITT Recommendations\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 5''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 5    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1958; New Delhi, 1960; Geneva, 1964, 1972,\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI1976 and 1980; Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984; Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIdecides that\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
All CCITT Recommendations shall be numbered; the number of each Recommendation
shall have a letter prefix referring to the series, as well as a reference
number.
.LP
.rs
.sp 14P
.ad r
BLANC
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.bp
.PP
(2)
The series of Recommendations shall be as follows:
.ce
\fBH.T. [T1.5]\fR
.ce

.ps 9
.vs 11
.nr VS 11
.nr PS 9
.TS
center box;
cw(30p) | cw(120p) | cw(78p) .
 {
Reference letter of the series
 }    Scope of the series     {
Volume in which Recommendations
will be published
 }
_
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
A     {
Organization of the work of the CCITT
 }    I.2
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
B     {
Means of expression (definitions, symbols, classification)
 }    I.3
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
C     {
General telecommunications statistics
 }    I.3
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
D    General tariff principles    II.1
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
E     {
International telephone operation, network management and
traffic engineering
 }    II.2, II.3
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
F     {
Telegraph, telematic, message handling and directory
services; operations, quality of service and definition of
service
 }    II.4 to II.6
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
G     {
Transmission systems and media, digital systems and
networks
 }    III.1 to III.5
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
H     {
Line transmission of non telephone
signals
 }    III.6
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
I     {
Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN)
 }    III.7 to III.9
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
J     {
Transmission of sound programme and television signals
 }    III.6
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
K     {
Protection against interference
 }    IX
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
L     {
Construction, installation and protection of cable and other
elements of outside plant
 }    IX
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
M     {
Maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone
circuits, telegraphy, fascismile and leased circuits
 }    IV.1, IV.2
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
N     {
Maintenance: international sound programme and television
transmission circuits
 }    IV.3
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
O     {
Specifications of measuring equipment
 }    IV.4
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
P     {
Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations local
line networks
 }    V
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
Q     {
Telephone switching and signalling
 }    VI.1 to VI.14
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
R    Telegraph transmission    VII.1
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
S     {
Telegraph services terminal equipment
 }    VII.1
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
T     {
Terminal equipment and protocols for telematic services
 }    VII.3 to VII.7
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
U    Telegraph switching    VII.2
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
V     {
Data communication over the telephone network
 }    VIII.1
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
X    Data communication networks    VIII.2 to VIII.8
.T&
cw(30p) | lw(120p) | cw(78p) .
Z    Programming languages    X.1 to X.7
_
.TE
.nr PS 9
.RT
.ad r
\fBTableau [T1.5], p.\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ad b
.RT
.PP
(3)
Recommendations in each series shall be classified in
sections according to subject.
.PP
(4)
The operative part of a Recommendation shall be preceded by a statement
of the reasons that have led to the issue of the Recommendation. This will
be worded, as far as possible, in an informatory way, omitting the
formula \*Q\fIconsidering\fR \*U.
.bp
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 7\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBCollaboration with the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO)\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 7''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 7    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBand the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR ,
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
the purposes of the Union set forth in Article 4 of the
International Telecommunication Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982) relating to the
harmonization of telecommunication facilities;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering further\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
the duties of the International Telegraph and Telephone
Consultative Committee (Article\ 11 of the Convention, Nairobi,\ 1982) as a
permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrecognizing\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
the common interest of ISO and IEC on one hand and CCITT on the
other hand in the development of information technology standards, which
take full account of the needs of manufacturers, users, and those responsible
for
communication systems,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIand noting\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that harmonious development of all telecommunications networks is proceeding
with the determination of Member countries to work together in the ITU;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIbearing in mind\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
the convergence of data processing and telecommunication which affects
the connection of data processing and text processing equipments to public
networks, and hence the Study Programmes and Recommendations of
CCITT;
.PP
(b)
but that the working methods and timing of the
organizations concerned are not the same;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIand further noting\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(c)
increasing demands on financial and specialized
professional experts in both telecommunications technology and operations as
well as  computer science and terminal manufacturing and testing;
.PP
(d)
the progress made on the basis of existing procedures in the alignment
of technical recommendations with ISO in areas of joint interest, thanks
to the excellent spirit of cooperation which has prevailed;
.PP
(e)
the increasing cost of developing international
standards;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIresolves\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
to invite ISO and IEC to examine the CCITT Study
Programme in the early stages of its studies and vice versa, in order to
identify subjects where coordination seems desirable, and to so advise the
Director of the CCITT;
.PP
(2)
to request the Director of the CCITT, after consultation with the Study
Group Chairmen concerned, to reply, and to furnish any
additional information as it becomes available;
.PP
(3)
that the necessary contacts with ISO and/or IEC should be at the appropriate
levels; within these arrangements and in accordance with Recommendation\
A.20, every effort be made to identify overlapping
activities and arrive at respective study programmes which avoid any
duplication of work;
.PP
(4)
to request the Chairmen of Study Groups in drafting
replies to their questions to take into account the related programmes
of work and the progress of projects in ISO and IEC; further, to cooperate
with these Organizations as widely as possible and by appropriate means,
in order
to:
.LP
    a)
    ensure that the specifications which have been jointly
drawn up remain aligned;
.LP
    b)
    collaborate in drawing up other specifications in
fields of joint interest;
.bp
.PP
(5)
that for reasons of economy, any necessary collaborative meetings take
place as far as possible in association with other meetings;
.PP
(6)
that the report concerning such coordination indicates the status of alignment
and compatibility of draft texts on points of common
concern, in particular identifying any subject which could be dealt with
in a single organization, and cases where cross\(hyreferencing would be
helpful to
users of published international Standards and Recommendations;
.PP
(7)
that the CCITT consider the possibility of reviewing its Resolution\ No.\
8 as well as Recommendations\ A.12, A.13, A.20 and\ A.21 which
mention coordination with ISO and IEC, noting that ISO and IEC procedures
are governed by their respective Directives, so as to establish with these
organizations procedures which will serve as an official basis for the
development of such cooperation;
.PP
(8)
that Administrations can contribute significantly to the coordination between
CCITT on one hand and ISO and IEC on the other hand by
ensuring adequate coordination of national activities associated with the
three organizations, and that this be brought to the attention of all
Administrations;
.PP
(9)
to request the Director of the CCITT to bring this
Resolution to the attention of the competent authorities of ISO and IEC;
.PP
(10)
to request the Director of the CCITT to bring this
Resolution also to the attention of the CCIR.
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 8\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBCooperation with the IEC on the standardization of cables,\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 8''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 8    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBwires, optical fibres and waveguides\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(New Delhi, 1960; Geneva, 1964; Mar del Plata, 1968; Geneva, 1976\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIand 1980; Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984; Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that the International Electrotechnical Commission has set up a Technical
Committee (TC\ 46) to prepare international standards on
cables, wires, waveguides and accessories for use in telecommunication
equipment and in devices employing similar techniques, and a Technical
Committee TC\ 86 to prepare international standards for fibre optics intended
for use with telecommunications equipment and devices employing similar
techniques;
.PP
(b)
that the cables with metallic conductors and optical
fibres and waveguides intended for use in public telecommunication networks
are not included in the scope of these Committees with the exception of
polyolefin insulated LF cables for outdoor use covered by the present scope
of IEC TC\ 46 (see Appendix\ I);
.PP
(c)
that other points of the scope of these Committees have not been narrowly
defined and that its work in this respect should be
coordinated with that of the CCITT;
.PP
(d)
that telecommunication Administrations reserve the right to establish some
of the specifications for wires, optical fibres and cables
for use in public telecommunication networks whenever they consider it
advisable,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIinstructs\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
the Director of the CCITT to take any useful measures to ensure
efficient liaison between the CCITT and IEC TC\ 46 and TC\ 86 in accordance
with the principles given in Annex\ A below,
.bp
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrecommends\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
to member Administrations of the CCITT whose countries participate in the
work of the IEC to take an active part \(em each within the National
Committee of the IEC \(em in work connected with the activities of IEC
TC\ 46 and TC\ 86, so that the views of telecommunication Administrations
may be duly taken into account.
.ce 1000
ANNEX\ A
.ce 0
.ce 1000
(to Resolution No. 8)
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBPrinciples of cooperation between the CCITT and\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBIEC Technical Committee 46 and Technical Committee 86\fR
.ce 0
.PP
A.1
The aim of the standardization envisaged by the IEC is to cut down the
number of types of cables to be made, so that the price may be lowered
and so that the cables made by different manufacturers will be interchangeable.
This policy is analogous to that followed by the CCITT as regards those
types of cables for which it alone is competent. The IEC can study the
standardization of internal cabling for use for various purposes in
electronics, including telecommunications, polyolefin insulated low\(hyfrequency
cables for outdoor use covered by the revised scope of IEC TC\ 46 and cables
containing optical fibres not intended for use in public telecommunication
networks, covered by the scope of IEC TC\ 86 (see Appendix\ I).
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
Although standards for cables, wires or optical fibres [with the exception
mentioned in (b) of Resolution\ No.\ 8] for use in public
telecommunication installations are not in the scope of IEC TC\ 46 and TC\ 86,
IEC will endeavour to develop standards which are also in accordance with
CCITT Recommendations concerning public telecommunication installations
and which in any case are not at variance with them. In particular it is
important that the characteristics of the cables are compatible with CCITT
Recommendations on
transmission, electromagnetic and mechanical protection drawn up by relevant
Study Groups.
.PP
A.2
It therefore seems very desirable for the draft standards studied by TC\
46 and TC\ 86 to be forwarded to the CCITT for examination. To simplify
cooperation, the result of this examination should preferably be expressed
in one of the following forms:
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
    (a)
    the CCITT has no comment to make on this draft, or
.LP
    (b)
     draft standard . |  |  should be brought into line with CCITT Recommendation
. |  | , or
.LP
    (c)
    the CCITT is at present studying the point dealt with in
draft standard . |  |  |  which it considers as being within its terms of
reference, or
.LP
    (d)
    the CCITT is of the opinion that this draft is not of
interest for the CCITT.
.PP
As a general rule, this examination should be carried out by the appropriate
CCITT Study Group but, since IEC procedure involves time\(hylimits
that may not be exceeded (and which are sometimes rather short), the Plenary
Assembly leaves it to the Director to take any appropriate practical
measures.
.PP
A.2
The Director of the CCITT will continue to supply the
IEC with any useful documentation regarding CCITT work and to send observers
to the meetings of TC\ 46, TC\ 86 and their subcommittees studying the
problems
which are of interest to the CCITT.
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 1000
APPENDIX\ I
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
(to Resolution No. 8)
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBTechnical Committee 46: Cables, wires and waveguides\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBfor telecommunication equipment\fR
.ce 0
.sp 2P
.LP
\fIScope\fR :
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
To prepare international standards regarding cables having metallic conductors,
wires, waveguides and accessories for use with electrical
telecommunication equipment and with devices employing similar techniques.
Where appropriate, the work of TC\ 46 and the ITU shall be coordinated.
.bp
.PP
Cables and waveguides intended for use in public telecommunication
networks are not included in the scope of the Committee, with the exception
of polyolefin insulated low frequency cables for outdoor use.
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fITechnical Committee 86: Fibre optics\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIScope\fR :
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
To prepare international standards for fibre optics intended for
use with telecommunications equipment and devices employing similar
techniques.
.PP
This activity terminology, essential characteristics, measuring
methods, and functional and mechanical requirements to ensure satisfactory
system performance for, but not restricted to, the following: single, and
bundles of optical fibres, fibre optic cables, fibre optic connectors, fibre
optic
components, fibre optic terminal devices, and fibre optic transmitting and
receiving assemblies or sub\(hysystems (containing solid state devices
and other components) which are specified as sub\(hysystems for purposes
of trade and
commerce.
.PP
Cables intended for use in public telecommunications networks are not included
in the scope of this Committee.
.PP
Discrete or integrated photo\(hyemitting and/or photo\(hysensitive solid
state devices that may be used in fibre optic systems or sub\(hysystems, but
which are specified as components for purposes of trade and commerce as
well as fibre optic face\(hyplates for cathode ray tubes, are also excluded
from the scope of TC\ 86.
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 9\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBWork of the ITU in the field of space communications\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 9''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 9    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Mar del Plata, 1968; Geneva, 1972 and 1976)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIaware\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
of the important and urgent problems raised by the integration of space
communications within existing systems, which will continue to develop;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that the ITU and its organs are the sole bodies within the United Nations
system qualified to issue recommendations relating to such integration;
.PP
(b)
that the Administrative Council of the ITU has adopted Resolutions Nos.\
636 and\ 637 connecting the role and the activities of the ITU in the field
of space communications;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIdecides\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
to request the Director of the CCITT, in cooperation with the
Director of the CCIR and in accordance with the duties of their office as
defined in Article\ 11, Nos.\ 83, 84 and Article\ 74 of the ITU Convention
(Nairobi,\ 1982), to advise the Secretary\(hyGeneral in his task of determining
the basic direction of future work of the permanent organs of the ITU in
the field of space communication to ensure wider cooperation with all the
Administrations and recognized private operating agencies concerned with
space
communications.
.bp
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 11\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBCollaboration with the Consultative Council
for Postal Studies (CCPS)\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 11''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 11    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBof the Universal Postal Union (UPU) in the study of new services\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBconcerning both the postal and the telecommunication sectors\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
Resolution No. 42 of the ITU Convention (Nairobi, 1982) on the Electronic
Mail/Message Service;
.PP
(b)
Resolution No. 911 of the 39th session of the
Administrative Council on relations between the CCITT and the CCPS;
.PP
(c)
Resolution CCEP 1/1983 of the CCPS of the UPU on
relations between the CCITT and the CCPS;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering further\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that postal and telecommunications Administrations are anxious to be kept
informed of technical progress liable to improve or harmonize existing
services and that it is useful for them to examine jointly the implications
of any new Recommendations or modifications to current Recommendations
made in
this connection;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIresolves\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
to create a \*QCCPS/CCITT Contact Committee\*U to consider questions of
joint interest to both organs. This Contact Committee shall:
.LP
    \(em
    identify complementary activities to assist both organs in
co\(hyordinating time scales of results;
.LP
    \(em
    identify overlapping activities to minimize duplication of
work.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB1\fR     \fBComposition of the Contact Committee\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
The Committee would be structured on a basis of equal
representation. It shall consist of a maximum of three representatives from
each organization, with power to co\(hyopt experts when the need arises.
The three representatives of the CCITT would be typically as follows:
.RT
.LP
    a)
    representative designated by Study Group I;
.LP
    b)
    as the need arises, a representative designated by another
CCITT Study Group (e.g. CCITT Study Group\ III);
.LP
    c)
    the representative of the appropriate department of the
CCITT Secretariat.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB2\fR     \fBMethod of operation\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
2.1
    \fIFrequency of meetings\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
In order to minimize costs, the Contact Committee should, to the
greatest extent possible, exchange information of mutual interest by
correspondence.
.PP
Whenever sufficient need arises, a meeting may be called on the basis of
an agenda drawn up well in advance of the meeting. Meetings would not be
held more than four times in a study period.
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
2.2
    \fILocation of meetings\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Unless otherwise mutually agreed, the meetings will be held either in Bern
or Geneva.
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
2.3
    \fIChairman\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The CCITT Chairman of the CCPS/CCITT Contact Committee will be the representative
designated by Study Group\ I [refer to \(sc\ 1.a) above]. The
chairmanship of the meetings should rotate between the CCPS and
the CCITT.
.bp
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
2.4
    \fITiming of meetings\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
In the interests of controlling expenditure, meetings will be held, to
the extent possible, conjointly with meetings of the organization which
issues the invitation.
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
2.5
    \fISecretariat\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Each organization shall be responsible for preparing its documents and
submitting them to the other body. The hosting secretariat is responsible
for drafting the report of the meeting which will be submitted for comments
to the other organization prior to publication and distribution to the
groups
concerned.
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 12\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBPlan Committees\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 12''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 12    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1976 and 1980; Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
the report of the Director of the CCITT on the
activities of the Plan Committees in the period 1973\(hy1976 (Documents
AP\ VI\(hy33 and\ 75);
.PP
(b)
the report of the World Plan Committee on the activities of the Plan Committees
in the period 1977\(hy1980 (Document\ AP\ VII\(hy28,
Part\ A);
.PP
(c)
the adoption, by the Vth Plenary Assembly of the CCITT, of the report of
the World Plan Ad Hoc Group;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIand also\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(d)
the report of the World Plan Committee, Geneva, 1975
(Document Plan\(hy17);
.PP
(e)
the views expressed in \(sc 5 of the report of the Director of the CCITT
(Document AP\ VI\(hy33);
.PP
(f
)
the report of the World Plan Committee on the
future activities of the Plan Committees (Document AP\ VII\(hy28, Part\ B),
.sp 2P
.LP
\fIresolves\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
\fB1\fR
to adopt the views expressed by the World Plan Committee
(Geneva,\ 1975 and Paris,\ 1980), which are contained in Annex\ 4 to
Document\ AP\ VI\(hy33 (\(sc\(sc\ 1 to\ 8, 11 and\ 12), namely that:
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
1.1
the existing terms of reference of the Plan Committee as laid
down in No.\ 93 of the Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982) and amplified in
Resolution\ No.\ 448 of the Administrative Council continue to be relevant;
.PP
1.2
the Regional Plan Committees and the World Plan Committee have a valuable
function to perform and should be retained;
.PP
1.3
the development, establishment or implementation of specific
network plans either regional or global in nature is solely within the
competence of the countries themselves acting together in bilateral or
multilateral negotiations in a variety of ways and hence is outside the
terms of reference of the Plan Committees as defined in accordance with
\(sc\ 1.1
above;
.PP
1.4
in relation to the development of a plan in accordance with their terms
of reference, the function or role of the Plan Committees is to assist
Administrations and RPOAs in reaching their own sovereign decisions on their
plans;
.bp
.PP
1.5
with respect to \(sc 1.4 above there are two ways in which this role can
be carried out:
.PP
1.5.1
by the collection and publication of valid and relevant planning data which
is regularly updated. (This work is now proceeding in a satisfactory manner
as a result of the adoption of the modified Plan Guide and Questionnaire
and of the efforts of the Secretariat of the CCITT and the General Secretariat
in compiling and publishing the data with the aid of the ITU computer.);
.PP
1.5.2
by the exchange of information in written contributions and
through meetings of the Plan Committees and their Coordination Committee
and/or Working Party, on such questions as adoption of signalling systems
and other
aspects of the developing telecommunication networks which depend on
international cooperation for their technical feasibility. (This significant
aspect of the work of the Plan Committees could be improved.);
.PP
1.6
in addition to the work described in \(sc 1.5.2 above, which relates to
\(sc\ 2.1 of Administrative Council Resolution No.\ 448, the Plan Committees
have the responsibility for performing the functions prescribed in \(sc\
2.2 of that
Resolution;
.PP
1.7
these functions (i.e. those referred to in \(sc\(sc 1.5.2 and 1.6 above)
were dealt with in the period\ 1973\(hy1976 in specific contributions from
Brazil (Contribution PLAN\(hy15), Belgium (Contribution PLAN\(hy14) and
the United
Kingdom (Contribution PLAN\(hy9) and have also been considered by both the
Plan Committee for Europe and the Mediterranean Basin (Contribution PLAN
EU\(hy9, pages\ 10\(hy15) and the Ad Hoc Group on the future of the World Plan
Committee (PLAN Document AP\ V\(hy12) and that all have reached similar
conclusions, which are that the Plan Committees should:
.PP
1.7.1
consider questions to be submitted to the CCIs on international
routing, switching, numbering, service quality,\ etc.;
.PP
1.7.2
consider questions on technical assistance to be submitted to the CCIs
in accordance with their terms of reference;
.PP
1.7.3
organize the exchange of information concerning developments in
the field of telecommunications, in order to assist countries to update
general planning techniques and to introduce services and facilities;
.PP
1.8
meetings of the World Plan Committee and the Regional Plan
Committees should be held only when the agenda is established and when
substantial contributions to the work of the Committee have been received;
.PP
1.9
it is important that the Regional Plan Committees meet in their
own regions in order to encourage greater participation on the part of
countries within the regions;
.PP
1.10
as regards the duration of Regional Plan Committee meetings, it
should be only sufficient to enable the Committees to complete their work
irrespective of where the meetings are held;
.PP
\fB2\fR
to propose that the \fIstatus quo\fR  | be maintained in respect
of the terms of reference and locations of the World and the Regional Plan
Committee meetings till the next Plenipotentiary Conference;
.sp 9p
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIexpresses the hope\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that the Administrative Council will be able to allocate the
necessary budgetary resources in accordance with No.\ 254 of the Convention
(Nairobi,\ 1982);
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrequests the Director of the CCITT\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
to consider, subject to financial provision, the organization of a symposium
(study days, special meetings) of a few days duration in conjunction with
the Plan Committees meetings which, on the lines indicated in \(sc\ 10
of
Annex\ 4 to Document\ AP\ VI\(hy33, could be organized with speakers provided
by
Administrations or recognized private operating agencies and designed generally
to assist the Plan Committees to carry out their functions as described
in
\(sc\ 1.7 above; and which, whenever it is thought useful, might call upon the
Chairman or Vice\(hyChairman of the relevant CCI Study Groups;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIfurther requests all Administrations and especially the developing\fR
\fIcountries\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
to participate fully in the deliberations of the Plan Committees
through useful contributions and active participation in the meetings of the
World and the Regional Plan Committees;
.PP
to send contributions on network management, new services, new
techniques intended to replace or supplement existing conventional techniques,
application of signalling systems, etc. in addition to the data presently
submitted to the CCITT Secretariat; this will contribute to the development
of a forum on future development and establish better contact among the
different Administrations as well as between them and the CCITT/CCIR specialists.
.bp
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 13\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBProtection of the common names of CCITT defined\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 13''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 13    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBinternational public services\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1980)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
The VIIth Plenary Assembly of the CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that CCITT has defined, inter alia, the international
public services \*QTeletex\*U, \*QTelefax\*U and \*QBureaufax\*U in Service
Recommendations;
.PP
(b)
that those international public services are
characterized by complete end\(hyto\(hyend compatibility;
.PP
(c)
that it is desirable to use on a worldwide basis for
those CCITT defined international public services their respective common
name, i.e. \*QTeletex\*U, \*QTelefax\*U or \*QBureaufax\*U, to qualify
any service provided in
that respect as complying completely with the CCITT definitions for the
respective international public service in order to guarantee end\(hyto\(hyend
compatibility;
.PP
(d)
that it is essential to protect the use of the
aforementioned common names;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fInoting\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that, within a number of countries, several recognized private operating
agencies (RPOAs) may provide such CCITT defined international public services
and may also wish to add further optional user facilities in
addition to the respective basic international public service as defined
by the CCITT;
.PP
(b)
that, for the preceding reason, some RPOAs may wish to use service designations,
e.g. XXX/Teletex, indicating a combination of a basic international public
service as defined by the CCITT with additional optional user facilities;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIresolves to request Administrations\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
to ensure that any such international public service
offered by an Administration be denominated by its respective common name,
i.e.\ \*QTeletex\*U, \*QTelefax\*U or \*QBureaufax\*U and comply completely
with the
respective CCITT definitions for such service;
.PP
(2)
to endeavour to protect the common names of the CCITT
defined international public services \*QTeletex\*U, \*QTelefax\*U and
\*QBureaufax\*U,
inter alia through the communication of those names to the national, regional
and international authorities for the registration and administration of
trade marks and service marks in order to ensure that the said names be
not made the subject of trade marks or service marks or, if claimed in
an application for
the registration of trade marks or service marks, be made the subject of a
disclaimer;
.PP
(3)
to ensure that in the case of a combination of any such CCITT defined international
public service together with further optional user facilities in addition
to that basic service, the trade mark of the service
mark for such a combined service offered by any RPOA be always combined with
the respective common name of the basic CCITT defined international public
service, i.e.\ \*QTeletex\*U, \*QTelefax\*U or \*QBureaufax\*U, and that
the latter names, in the case of registration of such a trade mark or service
mark, be made the suject of a disclaimer;
.PP
(4)
to inform the Director of the CCITT continuously about the measures taken
with regard to \fIresolves\fR \ (1) to\ (3) above,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrequests the Director of the CCITT\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
to compile the information received in respect of such measures
and to make this information available on request for consultation by
Administrations.
.LP
.sp 2
.bp
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 14\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBCCITT technical assistance to the developing countries\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 14''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 14    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1980; Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that the purposes of the Union are:
.PP
(a)
to maintain and extend international cooperation between all Members of
the Union for the improvement and rational use of
telecommunications of all kinds, as well as to promote and to offer technical
assistance to developing countries in the field of telecommunications;
.PP
(b)
to promote the development of technical facilities and their most efficient
operation with a view to improving the efficiency of
telecommunication services, increasing their usefulness and making them,
so far as possible, generally available to the public;
.PP
(c)
to harmonize the actions of nations in the attainment of those ends.
.PP
(Nos. 14, 15, 16, 20, 24, 326 and Resolutions 19, 22, 24, 30 and 34 of
the International Telecommunication Convention, Nairobi,\ 1982),
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering further\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that for this purpose the Union has to:
.PP
(d)
\*Qfoster international cooperation in the delivery of
technical assistance to the developing countries and the creation, development
and improvement of telecommunication equipment and networks in developing
countries by every means at its disposal, including through its participation
in the relevant programmes of the United Nations and the use of its own
resources, as appropriate\*U (No.\ 20 of the Convention, Nairobi,\ 1982);
.PP
(e)
\*Qundertake studies, make regulations, adopt Resolutions, formulate Recommendations
and Opinions, and collect and publish information
concerning telecommunication matters\*U (No.\ 24 of the Convention,
Nairobi,\ 1982);
.PP
(f
)
that Nos. 85 and 327 of the Convention
(Nairobi,\ 1982) specify that: \*Qin the performance of its studies, each
Consultative Committee shall pay due attention to the study of Questions
and to the formulation of Recommendations directly connected with the establishment,
development and improvement of telecommunications in developing countries
in
both the regional and international fields\*U, and that \*Qat the request
of the
countries concerned, each Consultative Committee may also study and offer
advice concerning their national telecommunication problems. The study
of such problems shall be conducted in accordance with No.\ 326 of the
Convention
(Nairobi,\ 1982); where a comparison of technical alternatives is involved,
economic factors may be taken into consideration\*U;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering further\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(g)
Resolutions Nos. 18, 21, 25 and 28 annexed to the
Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982) dealing respectively with budgetary and
organizational aspects of technical cooperation and assistance of the Union,
review of overall management and operation of technical cooperation and
assistance activities, application of science and telecommunication technology
in the interest of developing countries, and seminars,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fItaking into account\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(h)
that the VIth CCITT Plenary Assembly:
.LP
    \*Q. |  |  considers it important to emphasize the need for full
cooperation by \fIall concerned\fR in the organization of seminars
and training sessions\*U and \*Qhopes that the CCITT will be able
to play an ever more active part in this field\*U;
.PP
(i)
that the variations in the workload of the CCITT
Specialized Secretariat makes it possible, between the peak loading which
occurs at the time of the interim and final Study Group meetings and of the
Plenary Assembly, for the services of technically qualified members of the
CCITT Specialized Secretariat to be employed for the benefit of developing
countries, while at the same time widening and updating the practical
experience of this staff,
.bp
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrecognizing\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(j
)
that developing countries have urgent need to
evolve, maintain and improve the quality of their telecommunication networks
and services in a most efficient and cost effective manner, thereby achieving
their national aspirations and goals: to improve their ability to communicate
nationally and internationally in the era of technological revolution;
.PP
(k)
that it is essential to optimize the utilization of
valuable resources such as the expertise of Administrations and available
funding;
.PP
(l)
that, for various reasons, the Administrations of
developing countries are not in a position to send delegations to the meetings
of the CCIs or send only very few participants, which means that they are
unable in many respects to derive full benefit from the discussions,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIresolves\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
that in order to improve technical assistance and
technical cooperation particularly for developing countries, the Director of
the CCITT, in accordance with Article\ 12 of the Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982),
should propose to the Coordination Committee programmes of seminars of
special interest to developing countries, for implementation through the
Technical
Cooperation Department (TCD), the latter being the focal point for technical
cooperation within the ITU;
.PP
(2)
that the CCITT, in consultation with the Study Group
Chairmen, as well as the Chairmen of Special Autonomous Groups and Regional
and World Plan Committees, should endeavour to assist the TCD in its technical
cooperation activities;
.PP
(3)
that the ITU General Secretariat and the other organs of the ITU should
help the developing countries in identifying areas in which
technical assistance is urgently needed;
.PP
(4)
that, in intervals between peak pressure in the workload of the CCITT Specialized
Secretariat, the Director of the CCITT should invite the Secretary\(hyGeneral
to call to a greater extent upon the services of
appropriately qualified engineers of the CCITT Specialized Secretariat
for the purpose of short\(hyterm technical assistance missions undertaken
by the ITU in
conformity with the programme of the Technical Cooperation Department of the
ITU General Secretariat, in cases where other suitable experts are not
readily available;
.PP
(5)
that the ITU General Secretariat should be invited to
take maximum advantage of the ability of some Administrations to make expert
help available free of charge for short\(hyterm technical assistance missions;
.PP
(6)
that the Administrations of the developing countries
should take more active part in the activities of the CCITT Study Groups,
Special Autonomous Groups and Plan Committees:
.LP
    a)
    by participating and sending reports and contributions
to the CCITT for consideration by the relevant Study Groups,
bringing out clearly the characteristics of the respective areas
which may affect the corresponding studies;
.LP
    b)
    by sending delegates to Study Group and Plan Committee
meetings, especially to seminars and symposia as well as the
Special Autonomous Group meetings and by taking advantage of the
participation of countries of the same region in such meetings;
in this connection, the participation of developing countries in
the aforesaid meetings, seminars and symposia could be
encouraged and increased by the judicious award of
fellowships;
.LP
    c)
    by collaborating to the fullest extent possible and in the
spirit of Administration Council Resolution\ No.\ 448 relating
to a plan for the implementation of telecommunication
networks;
.LP
    d)
    by submitting in good time to the Director of the CCITT,
Questions that they would like studied by the various CCITT
Study Groups in accordance with No.\ 326 of the Convention
(Nairobi,\ 1982);
.LP
    e)
    by replies to the questionnaires issued by the CCIs and by
the exchange, among themselves, of technical information on
CCITT matters in areas of common interest;
.PP
(7)
that in order to improve the flow of information from the CCITT to developing
countries, the CCITT should:
.LP
    a)
    continue its efforts with a view to preparing the texts in
the Volumes of the CCITT Book in as clear a manner as possible,
with suitable explanations on the scope and purpose of
Recommendations, with analytical tables and with adequate
references to make it easier to trace texts dealing with
specific subjects, particularly subjects of interest to the
developing countries;
.bp
.LP
    b)
    arrange expeditious printing and publication of information
papers such as manuals of interest to developing countries based
on studies undertaken by Study Groups, Special Autonomous Groups
and Plan Committees, keeping the Administrations properly
informed through appropriate circulars;
.LP
    c)
    include in the reports appearing in the working papers
published after each interim meeting and in the Volumes of the
CCITT Book published after each Plenary Assembly a section, as
comprehensive as possible, especially devoted to problems of
interest to developing countries;
.PP
(8)
that, in accordance with the pertinent points of
Resolution\ No.\ 1, the CCITT timetable of meetings should take account, for
example, of preferences which might be expressed by countries remote from
Union Headquarters for either the combination or the sequential grouping
of meetings of several Study Groups and/or their Working Parties over a
period longer than the five to seven working days now customary for an
isolated meeting of a
Study Group or Working Party;
.PP
(9)
that, to this end, Administrations and RPOAs are invited to continue and
increase their technical and financial assistance in order to encourage
the organization of seminars to popularize manuals and of training
sessions and workshops to enhance the transfer of information relating
to new technologies in the fields of planning, operation, maintenance,
tariffs,\ etc.
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIresolves further\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(10)
that the Director of the CCITT shall make an annual
report to the Administrative Council on the implementation of this Resolution.
.LP
In this report, the Director of the CCITT shall highlight what has been
achieved in this area and lay stress on any difficulties encountered;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIand requests\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
the Administrative Council to provide the CCITT with the necessary means
to carry out the activities mentioned in this Resolution.
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 17\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fR \fBPre\(hyeminence of CCITT in world\(hywide telecommunications
standardization\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 17''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 17    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
The IXth CCITT Plenary Assembly, Melbourne, 1988,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
the accelerating pace of development of
telecommunications technology which is shortening product life cycles and
increasing the range and diversity of new services and applications and the
speed with which they become feasible;
.PP
(b)
the high priority accorded by Member countries of the ITU to investment
in telecommunications systems and services and the strong desire which
exists for this investment to be based upon CCITT Recommendations;
.PP
(c)
the need for timely and reliable CCITT Recommendations to assist all Member
countries in the balanced development of their
telecommunications infrastructure;
.PP
(d)
that the updating of CCITT Resolution\ No.\ 1 of the
IXth\ Plenary Assembly gives a formal basis for a number of immediate and
useful practical changes in Study Groups' working procedures;
.bp
.PP
(e)
the need for CCITT to manage its expanding work\(hyload
effectively and efficiently taking full account both of resource constraints
which affect the Union as a whole and the quality and universality of the
results of the CCITT's work;
.PP
(f
)
the need for CCITT to work effectively with national and regional standardization
activities in particular through working to
comparable time\(hyframes;
.PP
(g)
the need for CCITT to examine closely its appropriate
relations with other international standardization bodies, including in
particular the CCIR, ISO and IEC in order to reflect properly the implications
of increasing convergence of technologies;
.PP
(h)
the need for CCITT to maintain its pre\(hyeminent position in the field
of world\(hywide standardization for telecommunications.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fInoting that\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
(i)
the consequences of CCITT's failing to keep well abreast will be that the
coordinated development of new world\(hywide systems and services will
be delayed, and the cost of their introduction will be increased through
lack of economies of scale which affects all Members but particularly
developing countries;
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(j)
for CCITT to be fully responsive to the rapid changes in the world telecommunications
environment now in train it must work with the
maximum flexibility and be able to make timely adjustments as and when
necessary to its procedures and working methods;
.sp 2P
.LP
\fIobserving that\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
(k)
the periods of time between CCITT Plenary Assemblies and Plenipotentiary
Conferences of the Union are such that rapid changes to working procedures
for the CCITT as currently set out in the Convention are very
difficult to achieve;
.sp 9p
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrequests the Administrative Council\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
\fIto convey to the Plenipotentiary Conference,\fR \fINice, 1989 an invitation
to endorse\fR
.PP
the importance of the CCITT's maintaining its pre\(hyeminent
world\(hywide position in telecommunications standardization through its
Recommendations and the need, in order to ensure this, for the CCITT to give
priority to:
.LP
    \(em
    modernization,
.LP
    \(em
    flexibility,
.LP
    \(em
    efficiency,
.LP
in the organization and working methods, and
.LP
    \(em
    cooperation
.LP
in the production of high quality Recommendations;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIand to request the Plenipotentiary Conference\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
when it reviews the International Telecommunication Convention,
Nairobi,\ 1982
.LP
    \(em
     to consider what changes may be needed to enable the CCITT to do what
is necessary in a timely way to maintain its pre\(hyeminent position;
.LP
    \(em
     to note in particular Resolution No. 2 of the CCITT Plenary Assembly,
Melbourne, 1988, and take the appropriate steps so that the CCITT can achieve
immediate improvements in its performance.
.LP
.rs
.sp 5P
.ad r
BLANC
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.bp
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBRESOLUTION\ No.\ 18\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fR \fBFuture evolution of the CCITT working methods and structure\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 18''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Res.\ No.\ 18    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
The IXth Plenary Assembly of the CCITT, Melbourne, 1988
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that there is general agreement regarding the need for the future evolution
towards a functional CCITT Study Group structure;
.PP
(b)
that with the development of ISDN many aspects of the
traditionally separate voice and non\(hyvoice services are likely to be drawn
closer together;
.PP
(c)
that related CCITT studies should take into account such
growing commonality of service provision;
.PP
(d)
that the work of the CCITT will increasingly need to take account of the
needs of broadband/broadcast services and that increasing
liaison with CCIR for these and other converging areas will be required;
.PP
(e)
that there is continuing pressure to increase the
efficiency of working in CCITT Study Groups and to reduce costs without
prejudicing the quality and universality of the results of the CCITT's work;
.PP
(f
)
that any proposed reorganization must take account of the needs of both
developed and developing countries;
.PP
(g)
that the relations between the CCITT and other relevant
bodies inside and outside the ITU should be taken into account including
harmonization of the respective work programmes to the extent possible;
.PP
(h)
that the working methods of CCITT Study Groups may be
affected by the structure of the Study Groups and that this should be taken
into account;
.PP
(i)
that the further evolution of CCITT organization and
working methods may be affected by the decisions of WATTC\(hy88, as well
as those of the Plenipotentiary Conference;
.sp 2P
.LP
\fIresolves\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
(1)
to establish an ad hoc Group, open to all Administrations, RPOAs and scientific
or industrial
organizations participating in the work of the CCITT for the purpose of
continuing studies related to the working methods and structure of CCITT and
CCITT's relations with other relevant bodies inside and outside the ITU;
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(2)
that the principal task of the Group will be to develop
specific proposals designed to ensure that the CCITT continues to maintain
its pre\(hyeminent world\(hywide position in telecommunications standardization.
The
Group's work should be based on the need for the CCITT to give priority
to the following principles:
.LP
    \(em
    modernization,
.LP
    \(em
    flexibility,
.LP
    \(em
    efficiency, in organization and working methods,
.LP
    \(em
    cooperation, in the production of high quality
Recommendations;
.PP
the Group should, amongst any other issues it may consider
relevant, develop proposals on future Study Group structure having regard to
the issues on this subject left open by Special Study Group\ \*QS\*U for
consideration after the IXth\ Plenary Assembly as in AP\ IX\(hy1, Annex\ C;
.PP
the Group should review all existing Resolutions,
Series\(hyA\ Recommendations and other relevant texts with a view to improving
further the efficiency of CCITT working methods. In its work, the Group
should take account of relevant decisions of, and instructions from, the
Plenipotentiary Conference, as well as the results of the IXth\ Plenary
Assembly,
including in particular the discussion at the ninth\ Plenary meeting on the
question of selection of Study Group Chairman and Vice\(hyChairman;
.bp
.RT
.PP
(3)
that the ad hoc Group should complete and publish its work one
year before the Xth\ Plenary Assembly, so that Administrations may consider
its proposals in advance of the Plenary Assembly;
.PP
(4)
that Study Groups should take the ad hoc Group's proposals into
account in preparing Questions for the 1993\(hy1996\ study period;
.PP
(5)
that the ad hoc Group should report to the Xth Plenary Assembly.
This Report may take into account comments on the proposals of the ad hoc
Group received after the proposals are published,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIinstructs\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
the Director of the CCITT to solicit Contributions and convene a first
meeting of the ad hoc Group at an appropriate time soon after the
Plenipotentiary Conference. The ad hoc Group should elect its Chairman and
Vice\(hyChairman(men) at that first meeting.
.LP
.rs
.sp 42P
.ad r
BLANC
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.bp
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOPINIONS\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIOpinion No.\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fITitle\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
\ \ 1
    Location of CCITT meetings \(em Invitations
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
\ \ 3
    Preliminary examination of new draft Questions and proposals
for new or revised manuals
.LP
\ \ 5
    Examination at Regional Plan meetings of certain Questions
outside the Plan Committee's terms of reference
.LP
\ \ 7
    Appointment of Study Group Chairmen and
Vice\(hyChairmen
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\v'1P'
\v'6p'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOPINION\ No.\ 1\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBLocation of CCITT meetings \(em Invitations\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Op.\ No.\ 1''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Op.\ No.\ 1    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1958, 1964, 1972, 1976 and 1980;\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIMalaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984; Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
The IXth CCITT Plenary Assembly (Melbourne, 1988)
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that the holding of meetings of CCITT Study Groups and
Working Parties outside Geneva, particularly those associated with seminars
or symposia on specific subjects, is desirable in certain circumstances,
insofar as these meetings remain within the possibilities of the funds
available for
financing CCITT activities;
.PP
(b)
that such decentralization could improve the assistance of CCITT to developing
countries according to Resolution\ No.\ 14.
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIexpresses the opinion\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
that invitations to hold such meetings should be
extended during a CCITT Plenary Assembly or Study Group meeting and should
be accepted provided that the credits allocated enable the invitations
to be
honoured;
.PP
(2)
that inviting Administrations should comply with
Resolution\ No.\ 3 of the Plenipotentiary Conference (Nairobi, 1982) and with
Decision\ No.\ 304 of the ITU Administrative Council;
.PP
(3)
that the CCITT should take into consideration and provide, as far as possible,
for the holding of some meetings of its Study Groups and
Working Parties outside Geneva, particularly those associated with seminars
or symposia on specific subjects of interest to developing countries in
accordance with the provisions of \*Q\fIresolves\fR  |  2\*U of Resolution\
No.\ 3 of the
Plenipotentiary Conference (Nairobi,\ 1982).
.PP
\fINote\fR \ \(em\ Text of Council Decision No. 304
.PP
\*QThe Council decided that, in view of the provisions of the
Convention that all Members shall be entitled to participate in conferences
and meetings of the Union, the Secretary\(hyGeneral, when drawing up an
agreement with an inviting government on the arrangements to be made concerning
a conference or meeting of the Union, shall include therein a clause to
the effect that the inviting Administration shall apply without reservation
the provisions of the Convention and shall permit the persons attending
on behalf of Members of the Union and other bodies invited, and officials
of the Union, as well as their
families, to enter the country concerned and to sojourn therein throughout
the duration of their function or mission in connection with the conference
or
meeting.\*U
.bp
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOPINION\ No.\ 3\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBPreliminary examination of new draft Questions and proposals\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Op.\ No.\ 3''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Op.\ No.\ 3    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBfor new or revised manuals\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1972 and 1980; Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984, Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
The IXth Plenary Assembly of the CCITT (Melbourne, 1988)
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that, when new draft Questions or proposals for new or
revised manuals are handed in just before the meetings of a Plenary Assembly,
the Study Group or any other group concerned are not always able to make
a
thorough study of their real object and to submit them in a clear and precise
form;
.PP
(b)
that the study of these Questions or preparation of
manuals is often rendered difficult thereby,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIexpress the opinion\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
that the Administrations or recognized private operating agencies which
want the Plenary Assembly to set a new Question for study or
propose the preparation of a new or revised manual should hand in the text
of such a Question or proposal to the CCITT Secretariat at least two months
before the opening date of the last meeting of the Study Group or any other
group
concerned preceding the Plenary Assembly;
.PP
(2)
that Questions and proposals should be accompanied by
reasons justifying the interest of the Questions or proposals with an
indication of their degree of urgency, and fully taking into account the
relationship to the work of other standardization bodies and other Study
Groups;
.PP
(3)
that Administrations should for this purpose use a form for handing in
new Questions or proposals based on the form annexed hereto;
.PP
(4)
that the forms received by the CCITT Secretariat should be circulated to
the members of the Study Group(s) or other groups concerned so as to be
received at least one month before the opening of their meeting;
.PP
(5)
that the same procedure should be used for the studies proposed by the
Director of the CCITT;
.PP
(6)
that each Study Group or other Group concerned should
consider these new Questions and proposals at its final meeting and determine
that the study of the Question or proposed or revised manual serves a real
purpose. A ranking of urgency should be assigned to the Questions and
proposals.
.PP
Some suggested guidelines are:
.LP
    i)
    The Question or proposal should specify all information
needed. Where possible and if considered useful, the draft of
the new Recommendation or an outline of the contents of the new
Recommendation or manual should be included.
.LP
    ii)
    The purpose of the Questions or proposals should be clear,
with indication of the kind of new Recommendation or manual
desired, or of specific additions or changes in existing
Recommendations or manual contemplated.
.LP
    iii)
    A Question or proposal calling for changes in existing
Recommendations or manuals should make clear why the existing
Recommendations or manuals need change with indications as to
how new proposals will improve matters.
.LP
    iv)
    A Question or proposal should avoid asking individual
members to make extensive tests or provide extensive statistical
or other data unless this is clearly essential and likely to
lead to some useful results within the Plenary Assembly study
period.
.LP
    v)
    A Question or proposal should not be so comprehensive in
scope as to discourage responses and therefore remain in the
work programme for a long period.
.LP
.rs
.sp 2P
.ad r
BLANC
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.bp
.ce 1000
ANNEX\ A
.ce 0
.ce 1000
(to Opinion No. 3)
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
CCITT
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.LP
\fIStudy\ Group\ No.\ . |  | \fR
.ce 1000
FORM\ FOR\ HANDING\ IN\ A\ NEW\ QUESTION\ OR\ PROPOSAL
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
FOR\ A\ NEW\ OR\ REVISED\ MANUAL
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ad r
Source:
.sp 1P
.RT
.ad b
.RT
.ad r
Date of handing in:
.ad b
.RT
.ad r
Text of Question or
proposal:
.ad b
.RT
.ad r
Type of Question or proposal
.FS
Background Question, Question designed to lead to a Recommendation, proposal
for a new manual,
revised manual, etc.
.FE
:
.ad b
.RT
.ad r
Reasons or experience motivating the
proposed new Question or proposal:
.ad b
.RT
.ad r
Relationship to the work of other standardization
bodies:
.ad b
.RT
.ad r
Relationship to the work of other Study
Groups:
.ad b
.RT
.ad r
Date by which the Recommendation or manual
should be issued, and order or urgency:
.ad b
.RT
.ad r
Draft of the Recommendation or outline of
the contents of the draft Recommendation
or manual:
.ad b
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOPINION\ No.\ 5\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBExamination at Regional Plan meetings of certain Questions\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Op.\ No.\ 5''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Op.\ No.\ 5    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBoutside the Plan Committee's terms of reference\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1972)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
The Vth CCITT Plenary Assembly (Geneva, 1972),
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that, at meetings of the Regional Plan Committees,
participating countries have often submitted Resolutions or Opinions or have
requested studies on Questions which do not come within the competence
of the Plan Committees, as defined in Administrative Resolution\ No.\ 488,
of the CCITT or CCIR as laid down in the International Telecommunication
Convention
(Nairobi,\ 1982, Article\ 11, No.\ 93);
.PP
(b)
that these Resolutions, Opinions and studies generally fall within the
field of the IFRB or of the Department of Technical Cooperation of the
General Secretariat;
.bp
.PP
(c)
that it is quite understandable that countries which
cannot send delegates to all meetings held outside their continents should
take the opportunity, when the plan Committee meets in their continents,
of
submitting all requests within the province of the ITU without considering
whether or not they are the responsibility of a Plan Committee;
.PP
(d)
that it is important to do everything possible to
satisfy these countries' desires within the limits of the statutory duties
of the Consultative Committees,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrequests the Administrative Council to recommend\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
that, when Plan meetings are held, separate meetings may be arranged, either
before of after, but outside the Plan meetings, in the same place and under
the aegis of the competent organs of the Union for the purpose of examining
Questions pertaining to the IFRB or the Technical Cooperation
Department of the General Secretariat;
.PP
(2)
that the expenses incurred for the common services
provided at such series of meetings should be borne by the ITU budget sections
in a manner to be agreed by the heads of the organs concerned.
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOPINION\ No.\ 7\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBAppointment of Study Group Chairmen and Vice\(hyChairmen\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Op.\ No.\ 7''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Op.\ No.\ 7    %'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1972, 1976 and 1980; Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
The VIIIth Plenary Assembly of the CCITT (Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984)
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrecognizing\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that the efficient working of Study Groups depends
critically on the quality of their Chairmen and Vice\(hyChairmen and upon
the time they are able to devote to adequate preparation for meetings,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fInoting\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(b)
that Article 72, No. 423 of the International
Telecommunication Convention (Nairobi,\ 1982) contains provisions relating to
the appointment of Study Group Chairmen and Vice\(hyChairmen; (see also
Resolution\ No.\ 1, \(sc\ I.9);
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIsuggests\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that Heads of Delegations should bear the spirit of the following points
in mind when implementing the above\(hymentioned provisions:
.LP
    1)
    Appointments should be made primarily on the basis of
individual competence (in the technology of the Study Group
concerned as well as in chairing meetings).
.LP
    2)
    Chairmen who are not in direct touch with the technology of
their Study Group through change of duty in their own
Administration or other cause, or who find they cannot devote
adequate time to the work, should not be expected to continue in
office indefinitely.
.LP
    3)
    Chairmen need not automatically be re\(hyelected; it may
sometimes be useful to limit the term of office of a Chairman,
but there should be no hard\(hyand\(hyfast rule on this point.
.LP
    4)
    New Vice\(hyChairmen of Study Groups (and, in some cases,
chairmen) may be expected to be drawn from among the existing
Chairmen of Working Parties who have proved their competence.
.LP
    5)
    Within the limits of these principles, nationals of as many
countries as possible should be included in the list of
office\(hyholders showing, if possible, a reasonable geographical
balance.
.LP
.bp
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\v'17P'
\s12\fBSERIES\ A\ RECOMMENDATIONS\fR \v'2P'
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOrganization of the work of the CCITT\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
.rs
.sp 30P
.ad r
Blanc
.EF '%     \ \ \ ^''
.OF ''' \ \ \ ^    %'
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.bp
.LP
\fBMONTAGE:\ \fR PAGE 40 = PAGE BLANCHE
.sp 1P
.RT
.LP
.bp
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBSERIES\ A\ RECOMMENDATIONS\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOrganization of the work of the CCITT\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(See also Resolutions)
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIRecommendation\fR \fINo.\fR
\fITitle\fR \ \ \ A.1
    Presentation of Contributions relative to the study of Questions
assigned to the CCITT.
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
\ \ \ A.10
    Terms and definitions.
.LP
\ \ \ A.12
    Collaboration with the International Electrotechnical Commission
on the subject of definitions for telecommunications.
.LP
\ \ \ A.13
    Collaboration with the International Electrotechnical Commission
on graphical symbols and diagrams used in telecommunications.
.LP
\ \ \ A.14
    Publication of definitions.
.LP
\ \ \ A.15
    Presentation of CCITT Texts.
.LP
\ \ \ A.20
    Collaboration with other international organizations over data
transmission.
.LP
\ \ \ A.21
    Collaboration with other international organizations on CCITT
defined telematic services.
.PP
Recommendations A.10, A.12 and A.14 deal with CCITT activities in the field
of terminology.
.PP
The work of CCITT in technical terminology is aimed at unambiguous
understanding of the Recommendations and Associated Regulations, etc.
.PP
The CMV performs a coordinating role on behalf of CCIR and
maintains liaison with the IEC/CCI Joint Coordination Group.
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\v'2P'
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.1\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.ce 1000
\fBPRESENTATION\ OF\ CONTRIBUTIONS\ RELATIVE\ TO\ THE\ STUDY\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.1''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.1    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOF\ QUESTIONS\ ASSIGNED\ TO\ THE\ CCITT\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984; Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
\fB1\fR
With regard to the presentation of Contributions to the
Study of Questions assigned to the CCITT, the following general directives
should be applied:
.sp 1P
.RT
.LP
    a)
    Contributions should be concisely drafted, avoiding unnecessary
details, tables or statistics that make no direct contribution to the study
of a Question. They should be clearly written with a view to being universally
understood, i.e.\ they should be as codified as possible, use international
terminology and avoid the technical jargon peculiar to the author's country.
When a Contribution deals with several Questions, these should be separated
so that the text relating to each one begins on a fresh sheet of paper
(not on the back of a page).
.bp
.LP
    b)
    A Contribution should not as a rule exceed about 2500\ words
(five pages), nor should it include more than three pages of figures (making
eight pages in all). It should be accompanied by an abstract which is no
more than 150\(hy200\ words, and which summarizes the aim of the Contribution
and its
technical content. Whenever possible, a section with the heading RATIONALE
(or DISCUSSION), should be used for the main text which sets forth the
essential
information required for justifying the proposals or conclusions of the
Contribution. The Contribution should end with a PROPOSAL or if not feasible,
a CONCLUSION (both if required). For self\(hyexplanatory proposals, the
rationale
section may be omitted. These directives do not apply to draft Recommendations
or to Contributions submitted by Special Rapporteurs.
.LP
\fR     c)
    Documents of purely theoretical interest which are not
directly related to the Questions under study should not be submitted.
.LP
    d)
    Articles which have been or are to be published in the
technical press should not be submitted to the CCITT, unless they relate
directly to Questions under study.
.LP
    e)
    Passages of an unduly commercial nature included in a
Contribution may be deleted by the Director of the CCITT in agreement with
the Chairman; the author of the Contribution shall be advised of any such
deletions.
.PP
Detailed guidelines recommended for the preparation of
Contributions are provided in Annex. Details on the presentation of the
CCITT texts can be found in Recommendation\ A.15.
.PP
\fB2\fR
Three copies of Contributions, drafted in one or more of the
official languages of the Union, should be sent to the CCITT Secretariat;
further copies should be sent directly by the authors to the Chairman and
Vice\(hyChairmen of Study Groups as well as to the Working Party Chairmen and
Special Rapporteurs concerned.
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
It is recommended that a translation of the Contribution into
another working language should be sent to the CCITT Secretariat.
.PP
It is recommended for delayed Contributions that a translation
of the abstract into at least one other working language if possible should
be sent to the CCITT Secretariat as part of the Contribution.
.RT
.PP
\fB3\fR
Contributions should be submitted on very white paper of A4 format, in
clear black type. If the paper is not of that format, the text on
each sheet should not exceed the A4 format. The first page must have the
standard layout of CCITT Contributions. When existing CCITT texts already
translated have been used in some parts of a Contribution, a copy of the
Contribution with a precise reference to the original sources also should be
sent to the CCITT Secretariat. If CCITT figures are used in the Contributions,
the CCITT number must not be deleted, even if the figure has been modified.
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
\fB4\fR
Normal Contributions which are to be considered at a Study Group or Working
Party meeting should reach the Secretariat of the CCITT at
least two months before the date fixed for the opening of the meeting.
Delayed Contributions should arrive in CCITT Secretariat at least seven
working days before the meeting.
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 1000
ANNEX\ A
.ce 0
.ce 1000
(to Recommendation A.1)
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBDetailed guidelines for the preparation of Contributions\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBrelative to the study of CCITT Questions\fR
.ce 0
.PP
The guidelines in this Annex supplement the general directives set out
in Recommendation\ A.1. For ease of reference, they are organized under
relevant headings in two categories: one deals with the contents of the
Contribution and the other the mechanics of its presentation.
.bp
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 2P
.LP
A.1
    \fIContents of Contribution\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
A Contribution should be clear, concise and comprehensive in
itself. It should start with the Heading and the Abstract which are independent
sections. The main text of the Contribution should contain two sections:
Rationale (or Discussion) and Proposal (or Conclusion). Supplementary sections
such as annexes, if necessary, should follow the main text. The guidelines
for the structure of the main text do not apply to draft Recommendations
or to
submission by Special Rapporteurs.
.RT
.PP
A.1.1
\fIHeading\fR \ \(em\ The heading of a Contribution should provide:
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
    \(em
    Study Period;
.LP
    \(em
    language in which the Contribution is originated;
.LP
    \(em
    Study Group Question number(s) which the Contribution is
addressing;
.LP
    \(em
    date of the Contribution;
.LP
    \(em
    name of the Study Group to which the Contribution should be
submitted;
.LP
    \(em
    source of the Contribution: originating country and/or
organization;
.LP
    \(em
    title of the Contribution.
.PP
An example of the recommended format is given in Figure\ A\(hy1/A.1.
.LP
.rs
.sp 17P
.ad r
\fBFigure A\(hy1/A.1 (trait\*'e comme tableau) [T1.1], p.\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ad b
.RT
.PP
A.1.2
\fIAbstract\fR \ \(em\ The abstract should outline clearly and concisely
the aim (for example, proposal for a new Recommendation) and the content
(proposals and/or conclusions of the Contribution. In addition, it should
enable
prospective readers to determine quickly whether the Contribution contains
information in their area of interest, and often which Working Party(ies)
should review the Contribution. This is a very important part of the document
and would normally be prepared after the other sections are written. An
abstract should not exceed 150\(hy200\ words. It should be understandable
by other Study Groups and not just the intended readers of the Contribution.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A.1.3
\fIRationale (Discussion)\fR \ \(em\ This section should provide discussion,
reasons and justification for the proposals or conclusions. It develops
the
theme, describing the methods used and the observations or findings, and
comments on their significance.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A.1.4
\fIProposal (Conclusion)\fR \ \(em\ The main text should end with a
conclusion which, whenever possible, should be in the form of a concrete
proposal indicating the intended disposition of the Contribution. It would
be useful to make the following distinction between \*QPROPOSAL\*U and
\*QCONCLUSION\*U, so that a standard approach to their application may
be adopted. The heading
PROPOSAL should be used when the section offers suggestions for acceptance
(such as solutions, plans and changes the contributor expects to be
implemented) and when decisions or actions are requested. The heading
CONCLUSION should be used when it is merely informational, such as summarizing
observations; and no decision about a course of action is expected. If
both
appear in a Contribution, the proposals should follow the conclusions.
.bp
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A.1.5
\fISupplementary Sections\fR \ \(em\ Supporting or more detailed
information which might interrupt the flow of ideas in the main text should
be placed in the sections containing annexes, appendices, references and
attachments. A solid line can be used to separate such sections from the
main text. Recommendation\ A.15, Note\ 3, describes the distinction between
the uses of \*QAnnex\*U and \*QAppendix\*U.
.sp 9p
.RT
.sp 2P
.LP
A.2
    \fIMechanics and presentation\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
A.2.1
\fISection numbering\fR \ \(em\ The Contribution should be structured
logically and, whenever clarity and flow demand, hierarchically with discrete
sections and subsections for presenting different levels of detail. Different
sections and subsections in the main text should be designated with decimal
numbers, adhering as much as possible to the hierarchical numbering system
recommended for CCITT texts (Recommendation\ A.15); for example,\ 1.1,\ 1.2.3.
Examples for numbering the supplementary sections are\ A.1.1 of Annex\ A
and\ VI.3.4 of Appendix\ VI.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A.2.2
\fIPage numbering\fR \ \(em\ The title page should be left unnumbered.
All the following pages should be numbered consecutively from page\ 2,
including tables, annexes, appendices or attachments. Page numbers should
normally be
centered at the top of the page. Each page should include the document
number (if available) immediately below the page number. It is useful to
show the
total number of pages with the page number, e.g.\ 2 of\ 10.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A.2.3
\fIFigures and diagrams\fR \ \(em\ In order to facilitate the
reproduction in different languages no explanatory text or reference should
appear in the figures, with the exception of standard abbreviations. Such
textual matter should be given separately.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A.2.4
\fIFormulas\fR \ \(em\ Mathematical formulas should only be presented for
explaining texts. Details of how they are derived should be avoided.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A.2.5
\fIQuotations\fR \ \(em\ Simple reference to the document number or
paragraph number of an existing text or key phrase should be used instead of
lengthy quotes. Material available elsewhere in the CCITT should not be
reproduced or quoted at length. Excerpts or brief summaries may be included
in the Contribution when it is known that the members of the CCITT Study
Group do not have ready access to such material.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A.2.6
\fIReferences\fR \ \(em\ Reference to other CCITT Contributions should
be made by using the official document number, e.g.\ COM\ XVII\(hy10. If
the referenced Contribution belongs to a previous Study Period, this fact
should be noted as well.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
References should only be made to publications which are available via
the ITU Library services. In exceptional cases, a copy of the article
should be provided with the Contribution.
.PP
(See Recommendation A.15 for more information on references and
bibliographies).
.RT
.PP
A.2.7
\fIRevision to existing text\fR \ \(em\ If a Contribution proposes
modifications to an existing text, e.g.\ draft Recommendation, the portions
of the text to be modified should be clearly separated from those parts
of the
Contribution supporting the proposals. Adequate indications should also be
given to identify any changes proposed with regard to the previous version
of the same text.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Such indications could be made either by bold face letters or by vertical
revision bars  |  appearing at the margin of the page.
.PP
A.2.8
\fIMachine readable Contributions\fR \ \(em\ The ITU encourages the
submission of material in machine readable form. \*QGuidelines\*U prepared
by the ITU Computer Department are available directly from that department.
.sp 9p
.RT
.LP
.sp 2
.bp
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.10\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBTERMS\ AND\ DEFINITIONS\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.10''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.10    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(New Delhi, 1960; Geneva, 1964, 1972 and 1980; Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
the importance of the work on terms and definitions;
.PP
(b)
that the organization and conduct of vocabulary work
have been the subject of certain CCITT Plenary Assembly texts;
.PP
(c)
the importance of avoiding misunderstanding with the
CCITT and between the CCITT and the CCIR and IEC, respectively, in the use
of terms and definitions;
.PP
(d)
the need to establish lists of terms and definition for information within
the CCITT and for information to CCIR and IEC, and to update such lists
regularly;
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrecommend\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
that the CCITT, within its terms of reference, should
continue its work on technical and operational terms and definition which
may be required by Study Groups in the course of their work, these terms and
definitions being published regularly by the CCITT;
.PP
(2)
that each Study Group take the responsibility for
terminology in its particular area of responsibility; all new terms used
shall be defined and listed in a specifically labelled section of each
report
prepared by Study Group, Working Party or Special Rapporteur; the final
decision on the definition of a \*Qnew term\*U rests with the Study Group.
.PP
(3)
that when establishing the use and definition of a
new term, the Study Group, and those entities responsible to the Study
Group, shall take into account the established use of relevant terms and
definitions by other Study Groups in CCITT or CCIR as well as those found
in the IEV to the extent it can do so without losing precision in its development
of
Recommendations;
.PP
(4)
that each Study Group shall assign a Special
Rapporteur for terminology to coordinate its efforts regarding terms and
definitions and to act as a contact person for the Study Group in this domain;
.PP
(5)
that the CCITT establish a Terminology Coordination
Committee with three members, respectively capable in the French, English
and Spanish languages; the Chairman of such Committee shall be chosen by
the
Plenary Assembly;
.PP
(6)
that the existing CCITT Editing Group should collect
all proposed new terms and definitions, such as they are noted in each Study
Group, Working Party and Rapporteur reports and provide them to the Terminology
Coordinating Committee which shall act as a central information transfer
point with the CCIR and the IEC;
.PP
(7)
that the CCITT Terminology Coordination Committee shall communicate with
individual Special Rapporteurs for Terminology where
inconsistencies are found between the use, or proposed use, of terms and
definitions in the CCITT, the CCIR and the IEC in its preparation of the
IEV. These mediation efforts should seek voluntary agreement to the extent
such
agreement is feasible with remaining inconsistencies duly noted;
.PP
(8)
that the CCITT Secretariat should periodically circulate terms and definitions
proposed during a given study period to permit an
awareness of emerging terminology; where more than one Study Group is defining
the same term, efforts should be made by the respective Rapporteurs and
Study Group Chairmen to select one Study Group to be responsible for its
definition;
.PP
(9)
that CCITT Special Rapporteurs utilize any available
CCIR list of emerging terms and the IEC documents and publications as reference
to seek consistency of CCITT terms wherever practical.
.LP
.sp 2
.bp
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.12\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.ce 1000
\fBCOLLABORATION\ WITH\ THE\ INTERNATIONAL\ ELECTROTECHNICAL\ COMMISSION\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.12''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.12    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBON\ THE\ SUBJECT\ OF\ DEFINITIONS\ FOR\ TELECOMMUNICATIONS\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1964; amended at Mar del Plata, 1968\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIand Geneva, 1972; Melbourne 1988)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIunanimously recommends\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that in order to provide an internationally agreed vocabulary of telecommunications,
the CCITT should cooperate with the CCIR and the
International Electrotechnical Commission for the purpose of preparing those
sections concerned with telecommunications in a new edition of the
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary.
.PP
It is understood that for this purpose there is
established:
.RT
.LP
    \(em
    a \fIjoint coordination group\fR  | (JCG) composed of members of
the IEC and of the ITU;
.LP
    \(em
    a number of groups of technical experts set up by the
joint coordination group to prepare the drafts of the various
sections of the \fITelecommunications vocabulary\fR .
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.13\fR
.FS
A similar text will be submitted to CCIR as a revision of Resolution\ 23\(hy1.
.FE
.RT
.sp 2P
.ce 1000
\fBCOLLABORATION\ WITH\ THE\ INTERNATIONAL\ ELECTROTECHNICAL\ COMMISSION\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.13''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.13    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBON\ GRAPHICAL\ SYMBOLS\ AND\ DIAGRAMS\ USED\ IN\ TELECOMMUNICATIONS\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(New Delhi, 1960; amended at Geneva, 1964, Mar del Plata, 1968,\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIGeneva, 1972 and Geneva, 1980)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrecommends\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that the CCIs should continue to cooperate in the work of the
CCI/IEC Joint Working Group which has been set up to prepare, for international
telecommunications:
.LP
    \(em
    an approved list of graphical symbols for diagrams and for
use on equipment;
.LP
    \(em
    approved rules for the preparation of diagrams, charts and
tables and for item designation,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIit being understood that\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
within the Joint Working Group, the ITU (represented by equal numbers of
members from the CCIR and CCITT) is represented on an equal
footing with the IEC;
.PP
(b)
the Joint Working Group, while being fully
representative, is as small as possible to be able to work effectively and
quickly;
.PP
(c)
CCI members of the Joint Working Group are empowered to take decisions
on questions relating to symbols and the rules referred to
above, so that the publication of an approved list does not have to await
formal approval by a following Plenary Assembly of the CCITT or CCIR.
.LP
.bp
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.14\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBPUBLICATION\ OF\ DEFINITIONS\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.14''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.14    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Mar del Plata, 1968; Geneva, 1972, 1980)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that revision and re\(hyedition of a complete list of
definitions cannot be done very frequently, in view of the volume of work
involved;
.PP
(b)
that rapid developments in telecommunications lead to
constant change in the terms used and that it is desirable to publish approved
terms and definitions with the minimum possible delay, even though these
terms and definitions have not been examined to see how they fit into the
complete
system of terms and definitions for telecommunications;
.PP
(c)
that it may be appropriate to be aware of the
definitions developed by other international organizations participating
in the work of the CCITT,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIunanimously recommends\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that after each Plenary Assembly the CCITT Secretariat should
gather the terms and definitions proposed by each Study Group and approved
by the Plenary Assembly. These terms and definitions should be allocated
to their Recommendation Series and published in the appropriate fascicles
of the CCITT Book. In addition they should be assembled and published in
the fascicle \*QTerms and Definitions\*U.
.PP
The terms and definitions shall be given only in the languages of the CCITT
Book.
.RT
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.15\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBPRESENTATION\ OF\ CCITT\ TEXTS\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.15''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.15    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1980)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that continuous effort must be expended to avoid
unnecessary complication in CCITT documents and published material;
.PP
(b)
that adoption of an acceptable method of text
presentation simplifies work procedures;
.PP
(c)
that a logical system of paragraph numbering facilitates the work of delegates,
interpreters and others using texts in more than one
language;
.PP
(d)
that electronic storage and manipulation of text is
facilitated by standardized text formats,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrecommends\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
that a system providing for the logical, hierarchical
numbering and standardized layout of texts be applied to all CCITT texts;
.PP
(2)
that due consideration be given in the application of
such a system to both the needs of the user and the exigencies of electronic
storage and treatment of text (see Appendix\ I).
.PP
Not all text passages need necessarily be numbered (among other
reasons, for aesthetic considerations). In this regard, however, due
consideration must be given to the requirements of both the individual
reader and the interpreter during Study Group meetings.
.bp
.PP
The recommended numbering system, as illustrated below, was designed to
apply primarily to the content of a CCITT Recommendation but may be applied
generally to a chapter of a CCITT manual or to other texts.
.PP
The system must be adaptable to the content of texts structured as
follows:
.RT
.LP
    \(em
    introductory part;
.LP
    \(em
    main divisions;
.LP
    \(em
    subdivisions;
.LP
    \(em
    annexes;
.LP
    \(em
    appendices;
.LP
    \(em
    references;
.LP
    \(em
    bibliographies.
.PP
\fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ Texts do not necessarily contain an introductory
part, annexes, appendices, references or bibliographies.
.PP
\fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ A \fIsupplement\fR is considered as a separate document
which is associated with a Recommendation Series of the CCITT.
.PP
\fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ The definitions of \*QAnnex\*U and \*QAppendix\*U
are similar and some Study Groups use both in publishing the results of
their work. While not indispensable, it would be helpful if some distinction
could be made between
the two, leading to a standard approach to their application. The following
descriptions are provided for this purpose.
.RT
.LP
    Annex:
    An annex to a document should contain material
which contributes substantially to the overall
comprehensibility and completeness of the
document.
.LP
    Appendix:
    An appendix to a document should contain material
which is supplementary and is associated with, but
separate from, the subject matter of the document
and is not essential to its completeness or
comprehensibility.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB1\fR     \fBNumbering of the divisions of text\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
1.1
    \fINumbering of the introductory part\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Numbers beginning with the digit 0 may be assigned to the
introductory part of the text for information retrieval purposes.
.PP
The numbering is with Arabic numerals (they are suppressed when
published).
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
1.2
    \fINumbering of the main divisions\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The main divisions are numbered continuously beginning with the
digit\ 1 (a number without a separation point).
.PP
The numbering is with Arabic numerals (boldface when published).
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
1.3
    \fINumbering of the subdivisions of the main divisions\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The subdivisions of the main divisions are numbered, for example, 1.1,
1.2, 2.1.1, 2.3.4 (several numbers separated by points).
.PP
The numbering is with Arabic numerals.
.PP
\fINote\fR \ \(em\ When reference is made to numbered text passages, the
symbol\ \(sc is used (see \(sc\ 8.1).
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
1.4
    \fINumbering of annexes\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Annexes are assigned capital letters beginning with A. The word and the
letter, for example \*QANNEX\ A\*U, are in capitals, Roman, and centred
horizontally.
.PP
Divisions of an annex are numbered by Arabic numerals following the
letter of the annex, e.g. A.1, B.2.1.
.bp
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
1.5
    \fINumbering of appendices\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Appendices are assigned Roman numbers beginning with the number I. In the
title of an appendix, the word is in Roman capitals, thus \*QAPPENDIX\
IV\*U, and centred horizontally. Divisions of an appendix are numbered
by Arabic
numerals following the number of the appendix, e.g.\ I.2, IV.3.4.
.RT
.PP
1.6
A point is placed only between the numbers (or between the
letter and the number) designating subdivisions of different levels.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
\fINote\fR \ \(em\ A point is not used after the last digit of the number.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB2\fR     \fBTitles\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
2.1
The text of the title (CCITT Recommendation, chapter or section of a CCITT
manual) is in capitals (boldface when published) and is centred
horizontally.
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
2.2
The text of the title of a main division is in lowercase
(boldface when published). The text is indented with respect to the margin.
.PP
2.3
The text of the title of an annex or appendix is in lowercase
(boldface when published). The text is centred horizontally below the word
\*QANNEX\*U or \*QAPPENDIX\*U and its associated letter of the annex (see
\(sc\(sc\ 1.4
and\ 1.5).
.PP
2.4
The texts of the titles of the subdivisions of: a) the
introductory part, b)\ the main divisions and\ c) the annexes and appendices
are in lowercase and underlined (italics when published). They are indented
with
respect to the margin.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB3\fR     \fBText passages\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
Text passages begin with an indent with respect to the margin with the
following lines aligned at the margin. The numbers assigned to the text
passages are placed at the margin.
.RT
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB4\fR     \fBNotes associated with the main text\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
4.1
    \fINotes in the main text\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The word \*QNote\*U followed by the text begins with an indent with
respect to the margin with the following lines aligned at the margin.
.PP
\fINote\fR \ \(em\ The word \*QNote\*U is underlined (italics when published)
and
followed by a space, a dash, a space and then the text. Several notes together
are assigned consecutive numbers (e.g. \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em).
.PP
If the Note contains more than one paragraph, each succeeding
paragraph begins at the margin.
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
4.2
    \fIFootnotes to the main text\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
A footnote is referred to from the main text through the use of a superior
positioned number followed by a superior positioned parenthesis,
thus
.FS
The text of a footnote is preceded by an Arabic number followed by
a parenthesis (superior positioned characters) and a space. The lines of the
text are aligned with respect to the beginning of the first line of
text.
.FE
.
.PP
Footnotes are numbered consecutively within a CCITT Recommendation
or generally within a chapter of a CCITT manual.
.RT
.LP
.sp 3
.bp
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB5\fR     \fBEnumerations\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
5.1
    \fIFirst level enumerations\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Each item in a first level enumeration may be presented
thus:
.RT
.LP
    a)
    a lowercase Roman letter followed by a parenthesis, several
character spaces and the text of the item or
.LP
    1)
    an Arabic number followed by a parenthesis, several
character spaces and the text of the item or
.LP
    i)
    a lowercase Roman number followed by a parenthesis, several
character spaces and the text of the item or
.LP
    \(em
    a dash followed by several character spaces and the text of
the item.
.LP
    \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ The lines of the text are aligned with respect to
the beginning of the text of the item.
.LP
    \fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ If there are several text passages under a given
item, the beginning of each text passage is aligned with respect
to the beginning of the first text passage.
.LP
    \fINote\ 3\fR \ \(em\ A note associated with an item, including the
underlined word \*QNote\*U (italics when published), is aligned with
respect to the beginning of the text of the item.
.LP
    \fINote\fR \ \(em\ A note associated with all the enumerated items,
including the underlined word \*QNote\*U (italics when published), is
aligned with respect to the letters, numbers or dashes, which are
indented with respect to the margin.
.sp 1P
.LP
5.2
    \fISecond level enumerations\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Second level enumerations are similar to first level enumerations. They
may, for example, be presented thus:
.RT
.LP
    a)
    use of a lowercase letter followed by a parenthesis and
several character spaces at the first level and
.LP
    1)
    use of an Arabic number followed by a parenthesis and
several character spaces at the second level or
.LP
    i)
    use of a lowercase Roman number followed by a
parenthesis and several character spaces at the second
level or
.LP
    \(em
    use of a dash and several character spaces at the
second level or
.LP
    1)
    use of an Arabic number followed by a parenthesis and
several character spaces at the first level and
.LP
    \(em
    use of a dash and several character spaces at the
second level or
.LP
    i)
    use of a lowercase Roman number followed by a parenthesis
and several character spaces at the first level and
.LP
    \(em
    use of a dash and several character spaces at the
second level.
.PP
\fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em\ Alignment of several text passages in second level
enumerations is similar to the alignment of text passages in first level
enumerations as described in \(sc\ 5.1.
.PP
\fINote\ 2\fR \ \(em\ The presentation of the notes in second level enumerations
is similar to the presentation of the notes in first level enumerations
as
described in \(sc\ 5.1.
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
5.3
    \fITitles in enumerations\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The titles of the enumerated items are written in lowercase letters and
underlined (italics when published). They are not numbered but are indented
with respect to the margin. The different cases may be presented
thus:
.RT
.LP
    \fIExample\ 1\fR
.LP
    In this example the text of the enumerated item is aligned with
the beginning of the title.
.LP
    \fIExample\ 2\fR \ \(em\ In this example the title is followed by a space,
a dash, a space and the text of the enumerated item. The following
lines of text are aligned with the beginning of the title.
.LP
    \fIExample\ 3\fR
.LP
    1)
    In this example the title is followed by a first level
enumeration (see \(sc\ 5.1).
.LP
    \(em
    The first level enumeration can be followed by a second
level enumeration (see \(sc\ 5.2).
.bp
.LP
    a)
    \fIExample\ 4\fR
.LP
    In this example the title is indented with respect to the
letter or number and the text is aligned with the beginning of
the title.
.LP
    b)
    \fIExample\ 5\fR \ \(em\ In this example the title is indented with
respect to the letter or number, and is followed by a space, a
dash, a space and the text of the enumerated item. The following
lines of text are aligned with the beginning of the title.
.LP
    c)
    \fIExample\ 6\fR
.LP
    \(em
    In this example the title is indented with respect to
the letter or number and is followed by a second level
enumeration (see \(sc\ 5.2).
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB6\fR     \fBTables and figures\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
6.1
    \fINumbering of tables and figures\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Tables and figures are numbered with reference to the main
division, the annex or the appendix of the text. They are identified by the
words \*QTABLE\*U and \*QFIGURE\*U respectively in association with an
assigned number as described in Table\ 1/A.15.
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
6.2
    \fITitles of tables and figures\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The titles of the tables and figures are in lowercase letters
(boldface when published). They are placed below the word \*QTABLE\*U or
\*QFIGURE\*U and centred horizontally (see Table\ 1/A.15 and Figure\ 1/A.15).
.RT
.PP
6.3
The table itself is placed below its title
(see Table\ 1/A.15).
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
6.4
The figure itself is placed above its number and title (see
Figure\ 1/A.15).
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce
\fBH.T. [T1.15]\fR
.ce
TABLE\ 1/A.15
.ce
\fBNumbering of tables and figures\fR
.ps 9
.vs 11
.nr VS 11
.nr PS 9
.TS
center box;
cw(66p) | cw(102p) .
Designation    Meaning of designation
_
.T&
lw(66p) | lw(102p) .
TABLE 1/W.1001 | ua\d\u)\d     {
First table in Recommendation W.1001
 }
_
.T&
lw(66p) | lw(102p) .
FIGURE 2/W.1001 | ub\d\u)\d     {
Second figure in Recommendation W.1001
 }
_
.T&
lw(66p) | lw(102p) .
TABLE A\(hy3/W.1001     {
Third table in Annex A of
Recommendation W.1001
 }
_
.T&
lw(66p) | lw(102p) .
TABLE II\(hy2/W.1001     {
Second table in Appendix II of
Recommendation W.1001
 }
_
.T&
lw(66p) | lw(102p) .
TABLE 6\(hy4 (VII)     {
Fourth table in \(sc 6 of Chapter VII
of a manual
 }
_
.T&
lw(66p) | lw(102p) .
FIGURE 6\(hy5 (B.II)     {
Fifth figure in \(sc 6 of Part B,
Chapter II of a
manual
 }
.TE
.LP
\ua\d\u)\d
The world \*QTABLE\*U is in capital Roman followed by its
assigned number.
.LP
\ub\d\u)\d
The world \*QFIGURE\*U is in capital Roman followed by its
assigned number.
.LP
\fINote\ 1\fR
\ \(em\ The words \*QTABLE\*U and \*QFIGURE\*U in association with their
numbers are centred horizontally (see\ \(sc\ 6.2).
.LP
\fINote\ 2\fR
\ \(em\ In order to avoid confusing the footnotes to the text with
those to tables or figures, the footnotes to the tables of figures will be
indicated by a superior positioned \fIletter\fR
, followed by a superior
positioned parenthesis.
.nr PS 9
.RT
.ad r
\fBTableau 1/A.15 [T1.15], p.\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.bp
.sp 1P
.LP
6.5
    \fINotes associated with tables or figures\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
6.5.1
In the case of tables, the notes are placed below the table. In
the case of figures, the notes are placed between the figure and the number
and title of the figure. The notes are aligned at an appropriate indent
with
respect to the margin or with respect to the table or figure.
.LP
.rs
.sp 27P
.ad r
\fBFigure 1/A.15, (M), p.\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ad b
.RT
.PP
6.5.1.1
In the case of a general note to the table or figure (a
note not referred to from the table or figure), the text of the note is
preceded by the underlined word \*Q\fINote\fR \*U (italics when published).
Several
notes together are assigned consecutive numbers (e.g. \fINote\ 1\fR \ \(em).
.PP
6.5.1.2
In the case of a note referred to from a table or figure, the note is referred
to through the use of a superior positioned letter followed by a
superior positioned parenthesis in the table or figure. The text of the
note is preceded by the same superior positioned letter followed by a superior
positioned parenthesis and a space.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB7\fR     \fBFormulas\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
7.1
Formulas are numbered with reference to the main division or
the annex of the text. They are centred horizontally and are identified
by an assigned number placed at the right margin illustrated as follows:
\v'6p'
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 1000
\*QCentred formula\*U
.ce 0
.ad r
(7\(hy1)
.ad b
.RT
.ce 1000
\*QCentred formula\*U
.ce 0
.ad r
(A\(hy2)
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.sp 1
where
.LP
    (7\(hy1)
    is the first formula in \(sc 7.
.LP
    (A\(hy2)
    is the second formula in Annex A.
.bp
.PP
7.2
Listings of symbols and variables are aligned at an indent
with respect to the margin. Explanations of the symbols and variables are
indented with respect to the symbols or variables (see \(sc\ 7.1).
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB8\fR     \fBReferences, bibliographies\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
8.1
    \fIReference to other divisions or subdivisions\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The sign \*Q\(sc\*U is used to refer to a numbered text passage of the
same Recommendation or of the same chapter of a CCITT manual, e.g.\ \*Qsee
\(sc\ 2\*U, or \*Qas indicated in \(sc\ 3\*U. In the case of a manual,
the sign \*Q\(sc\*U can be
accompanied by the designation of the part or the chapter in which the cited
passage is found, if it is outside of the present chapter, e.g.\ \*Qsee
Chapter\ II, \(sc\ 5\*U.
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
8.2
    \fIList of specific references\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
Reference numbers within square brackets (e.g. \*Q[3]\*U, signifying: see
the third reference) are used when the text is referencing a passage (or
the contents) of \fIanother\fR publication.
.PP
The number of a Recommendation may be cited in the text but it must be
accompanied by a reference number within square brackets which allows a
more
complete description of the reference.
.PP
Specific references are numbered consecutively within a Recommendation
or chapter of a nanual, assigning the number\ 1 to the first reference.
.PP
A list of the specific references is placed at the end of the
Recommendation
.FS
For manuals, at the end of a chapter or at the end of the
manual, as desired.
.FE
(annexes and appendices included) but before
the bibliography (if there is one). The reference numbers are Arabic numerals
within square brackets and aligned at the margin. The text of the reference
is indented with respect to the margin as illustrated in the three examples\
[1]
to\ [3].
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
8.3
    \fIBibliography\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The elements of the bibliography are placed at the end of the
Recommendation
.FS
If the Recommendation contains one or several annexes or
appendices together with bibliographies, one can differentiate between the
titles of the bibliographies: bibliography relating to the text of the
Recommendation, bibliography relating to Annex\ A, etc.
.FE
, or for a manual at the end of the thematic subdivision to which it relates.
The word
\*QBibliography\*U appears as a non\(hynumbered title in lowercase (boldface
when
published). The text of the elements of the bibliography is aligned at the
margin. The elements are in alphabetical order.
.PP
They contain the following information, in the given
order:
.RT
.LP
    a)
    \fIName of author(s)\fR \(em The name(s) are written in capitals,
Roman, followed by the initial(s) of the first name(s) in
capitals, Roman with point(s) after, and placed within
parentheses.
.LP
    b)
    \fITitle of the publication\fR \(em written in lowercase, Roman.
.LP
    c)
    \fISource of the publication\fR \(em written in lowercase,
underlined (italics when published).
.LP
    d)
    Information concerning the volume, number, page, location,
month and year are written in lowercase, Roman.
.LP
    \fINote\fR \ \(em\ When the author of a publication is not indicated, the
underlined title (italics when published) is placed first and the
source is then put in lowercase, Roman.
.LP
.sp 2
.bp
.ce
\fBH.T. [T2.15]\fR
.ce
ANNEX\ A
.ce
(to Recommendation A.15)
.ps 9
.vs 11
.nr VS 11
.nr PS 9
.TS
center box;
cw(342p) .
 {
\fBPresentation of CCITT texts \(em Summary\fR
 }
.TE
.TS
center box ;
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) | lw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) sw(12p) , ^  | ^  | ^  | ^  | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l.
    boldface    italic     {
normal
First line
left margin
special TAB
TAB 1
TAB 2
TAB 3
fixed space
centred
right margin
Following lines
left margin
special TAB
TAB 1
TAB 2
TAB 3
fixed space
centred
 }

_
.T&
lw(126p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) .
 {
\fBNumbers and letters (main text)\fR
 }
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) .
\(em\ 1, 2, 3, etc.    X            X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) .
\(em\ 0, 0.1, 0.1.2, etc.            X    X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ 1.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.3.4, A.1, A.1.2, etc.
 }            X    X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) .
\(em\ (a), (1)            X            X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) .
\fBTitles (main text)\fR
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ title of documentation    X                                    X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ title following 1, 2, 3, etc.
 }    X                    X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ title following 1.1, 1.2, 1.2.3, A.1,
 }        X                X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ title following 1.2.3.4, etc.
 }        X                            X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ \*QANNEX A\*U or \*QAPPENDIX I\*U
 }            X                            X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ titre of an annex or an appendix
 }    X                                    X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\fBText passages\fR
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ text following 1, 1.2, 1.2.3
 }            X            X                        X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ text following 1.2.3.4, etc.
 }            X                        X            X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ text following (a), (1)            X                X                    X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ unnumbered text passages
 }            X            X                        X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\fBNotes (main text)\fR
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ \*QNote\*U, \*QNote 1\*U
 }        X                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ text following \*QNote\*U or \*QNote 1\*U
 }            X                        X            X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ \*Q1)\*U of footnote            X    X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ text of footnote following \*Q1)\*U
 }            X        X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\fBEnumerations\fR
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ titles        X                *    *                            *    *
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ text under the title            X            *    *                            *    *
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ a), \(em, 1), i)            X            *    *
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ text following a), \(em, 1), i)
 }            X                *    *                            *    *
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ \*QNote\*U        X                *    *    *
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ text following \*QNote\*U
 }            X                        X                    *    *    *
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
*\ TAB fixed according to type and level
(see the examples of \(sc\ 5)
 }
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\fBTables and figures\fR
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ \*QTABLE 1/W.1001\*U \*QFIGURE 2/W.1001\*U
 }            X                            X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ titles of tables and figures
 }    X                                    X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | lw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\fBFormulas\fR
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ number of formula \*Q(2\(hy1)\*U
 }            X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ formula                                        X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ listing of symbols and variables
 }                        X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ explanations of symbols and variables
 }            X                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\fBReferences\fR
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ title    X                    X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ reference number \*Q[3]\*U
 }            X    X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
 {
\(em\ text following \*Q[3]\*U
 }                        X                                X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\fBBibliography\fR
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ title    X                    X
.T&
lw(126p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) | cw(12p) .
\(em\ unnumbered text                X                                X
_
.TE
.nr PS 9
.RT
.ad r
\fBTableau [T2.15], p. (Tableau \*`a l'italienne)\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.bp
.ce 1000
APPENDIX\ I
.ce 0
.ce 1000
(to Recommendation A.15)
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.ce 1000
\fBTreatment of machine readable texts\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ce 0
.PP
I.1
The CCITT presently receives most material for documents and publications
in written form. Many Administrations and other originators of
documentation increasingly use automated office equipment in preparing
material for submission to the CCITT. Considering the increasing volume of
submissions and the ITU's continuing efforts to control costs and to prepare
documents and publications expeditiously, Administrations and other
Organizations are encouraged to submit material in machine readable form
compatible with the ITU's capabilities whenever possible. The \*Qword processor\*U
currently used in CCITT/ITU is SAMNA and for figures, diagrams and flow
charts the current CCITT software is autoCAD.
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
I.2
To facilitate the exchange of machine readable information the ITU is augmenting
its capabilities to accommodate different magnetic media,
telecommunications methods, and word processing formats. As these improvements
will be made throughout the\ 1989\(hy1992 Study Period, contributors should
request guidance from the ITU Computer Department.
.PP
I.3
Contributors' attention is drawn to the importance of adhering to the presentation
rules detailed in the body of this Recommendation. It is of
primordial importance that any modified text bears marks to identify the
changes (see Rec.\ A.1, \(sc\ A.2.7). So\(hycalled \*Qclean copies\*U can
cause either
hours of unneccessary searching or duplication of work.
.sp 2P
.LP
    \fBReferences\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.LP
[1]
    CCITT manual \fITitle of manual\fR , Part A, Chapter II, \(sc 1.2, ITU,
Geneva\ 1972.
.LP
[2]
    CCITT Recommendation \fITitle of the Recommendation\fR , Coloured Book,
Vol.\ XII, Rec.\ W.1002, Division\ A, \(sc\ 1.2, ITU, Geneva\ 1977.
.LP
[3]
    NAME (F.), NAME (F.): Title of publication, \fISource of publication\fR ,
Vol.\ 14, No.\ 2, pp.\ 250\(hy270, Paris\ 1970.
.sp 2P
.LP
    \fBBibliography\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.LP
NAME (F.), NAME (F.): Title of publication, \fISource of publication\fR ,
Vol.\ 15, No.\ 3, pp.\ 270\(hy280, Madrid\ 1971.
.LP
\fITitle of publication\fR ,
Source of publication, Part\ A, Chapter\ V, pp.\ 280\(hy290, Montreal\ 1975.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.20\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.ce 1000
\fBCOLLABORATION\ WITH\ OTHER\ INTERNATIONAL\ ORGANIZATIONS\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.20''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.20    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBOVER\ DATA\ TRANSMISSION\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1964; Mar del Plata, 1968; Geneva, 1972, 1976 and 1980;\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIMalaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984)\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that, according to Article 1 of the agreement between
the United Nations and the International Telecommunication Union, the United
Nations recognizes the International Telecommunication Union as the specialized
agency responsible for taking such action as may be appropriate under its
basic instrument for the accomplishment of the purposes set forth therein;
.bp
.PP
(b)
that Article 4 of the \fIInternational Telecommunication\fR \fIConvention\fR
(Nairobi,\ 1982) states that the purposes of the Union are:
.LP
    \*Qa)
    to maintain and extend international cooperation
between all Members of the Union for the improvement and rational use of
telecommunications of all kinds, as well as to promote and to offer technical
assistance to developing countries in the field of telecommunications;
.LP
    \fB\*Q\fR b)
     to promote the development of technical facilities and their most efficient
operation with a view to improving the efficiency of telecommunication
services, increasing their usefulness and making them, so far as possible,
generally available to the public;
.LP
    \fB\*Q\fR c)
    to harmonize the actions of nations in the
attainment of those ends\*U;
.PP
(c)
that Article 40 of the Convention (Nairobi, 1982) states that, in furtherance
of complete international coordination on matters
affecting telecommunication, the Union shall cooperate with international
organizations having related interests and activities;
.PP
(d)
that in the study of data transmission the CCITT has to
collaborate with the organizations dealing with data processing and office
equipment and particularly the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC);
.PP
(e)
that this collaboration has to be organized in a manner that will avoid
duplication of work and decisions that would be contrary to the principles
set out above,
.sp 1P
.LP
\fI(unanimously) declares the view\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
that international standards for data transmission should be
established with the following considerations in mind:
.PP
(1)
Clearly it will be the responsibility of the CCITT to
lay down standards for \fItransmission channels\fR ,
i.e.\ aspects of data
transmission which require a knowledge of telecommunication networks or
affect performance
of\ these networks.
.PP
(2)
The standardization of signal conversion terminal
equipment (modems) is the province of the CCITT; the standardization of the
junction (interface) between modem and the data terminal equipment is a
matter of agreement between the CCITT and the ISO or the IEC.
.PP
(3)
Devices designed to detect and (or) correct errors must  take account of:
.LP
    \(em
    the error rate tolerable to the user;
.LP
    \(em
    the line transmission conditions;
.LP
    \(em
    the code, which has to meet the exigencies of the data
alphabet and the requirements of error\(hycontrol (this must be such as
to give an output satisfactory to the user) together with the requisite
signalling
(synchronism, repetition signals, etc.).
.PP
Standardization here may not come wholly within the CCITT's
province, but the CCITT has very considerable interests at stake.
.PP
(4)
The alphabet (definition 52.02 in the \fIList of\fR
\fIdefinitions\fR ) is a \*Qtable of correspondence between an agreed set of
characters and the signals which represent them\*U.
.PP
The CCITT and the ISO reached agreement on an alphabet for general (but
not exclusive) use for data and message transmission and have standardized
a common alphabet which is known as International Alphabet\ No.\ 5 (CCITT
Recommendation\ T.50) (ISO/646\(hy1983: seven\(hybit coded character sets for
information processing interchange).
.PP
Complementary study of some control characters of the alphabet should be
effected in cooperation with each other.
.RT
.PP
(5)
Coding (definition 52.05 in the \fIList of definitions\fR ) is \*Qa system
of rules and conventions according to which the telegraph signals forming
a message or the data signals forming a block should be formed,
transmitted, received and processed\*U. Hence, it consists of a transformation
of the format of the signals in the alphabet for taking account of synchronous
methods, and introduction of redundancy in accordance with the error\(hycontrol
system. This is not a field in which the CCITT alone may be able to decide;
however, no decision should be taken without reference to the Committee,
because of the possible restrictions which transmission and switching
peculiarities may impose on coding.
.PP
When the general switched network is used (telephone or telex) and when
the error\(hycontrol devices are subject to restrictions (switching signals
\(em reserved sequences), it is the CCITT which is in fact responsible
for any
necessary standardization in conjunction with other bodies.
.bp
.PP
(6)
The limits to be observed for transmission performance on the transmission
path (modem included) fall within the competence of the
CCITT; the limits for the transmission performance of the sending equipment
and the margin of terminal data equipment (depending on the terminal apparatus
and the transmission path limits) should be fixed by agreement between
the ISO and the CCITT.
.PP
(7)
In all instances, the CCITT alone can lay down manual
and automatic operating procedures for the setting\(hyup, holding and clearing
of calls for data communications when the general switched networks are
used,
including type and form of signals to be interchanged at the interface
between data terminal equipment and data circuit\(hyterminating equipment.
.PP
(8)
When a public data network is involved, the CCITT has
the responsibility to provide the Recommendations which apply. Where these
Recommendations have an impact on the basic design and features of data
processing systems and office equipment (normally DTE), they shall be the
subject of consultation between CCITT and ISO and in some cases a mutual
agreement may be desirable. Likewise when the ISO is developing or changing
standards that may affect compatibility with the public data network there
shall be consultation with the CCITT.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.21\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.ce 1000
\fBCOLLABORATION\ WITH\ OTHER\ INTERNATIONAL\ ORGANIZATIONS\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.21''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.21    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBON\ CCITT\(hyDEFINED\ TELEMATIC\ SERVICES\fR
.FS
\*QTelematic
services\*U is used for such services as Videotex, Teletex, facsimile,
etc.
.FE
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Geneva, 1980; Malaga\(hyTorremolinos, 1984)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that, according to Article 1 of the agreement between
the United Nations and the International Telecommunication Union, the United
Nations recognizes the International Telecommunication Union as the specialized
agency responsible for taking such action as may be appropriate under its
basic instrument for the accomplishment of the purposes set forth therein;
.PP
(b)
that Article 4 of the \fIInternational Telecommunication\fR \fIConvention\fR
(Nairobi, 1982) states that the purposes of the Union
are:
.LP
    \*Qa)
    to maintain and extend international cooperation
between all Members of the Union for the improvement and rational use of
telecommunication of all kinds, as well as to promote and to offer technical
assistance to developing countries in the field of telecommunications;
.LP
    \fB\*Q\fR b)
     to promote the development of technical facilities and their most efficient
operation with a view to improving the efficiency of telecommunication
services, increasing their usefulness and making them, as far as possible,
generally available to the public;
.LP
    \fB\*Q\fR c)
    to harmonize the actions of nations in the
attainment of those ends\*U;
.PP
(c)
that Article 40 of the Convention (Nairobi, 1982)
states that \*Qin furtherance of complete international coordination on
matters affecting telecommunication, the Union shall cooperate with international
organizations having related interests and activities\*U;
.PP
(d)
that this cooperation has to recognize the advisory
capacity of organizations participating in the work of CCITT;
.PP
(e)
that, in the study of terminals for new CCITT\(hydefined
telematic services (e.g.\ Teletex, Telefax, Datafax, Bureaufax, Videotex),
ISO in particular is invited to give advice to CCITT based on their
work on data systems and data communications;
.PP
(f
)
that this cooperation has to be organized in a
manner that will avoid duplication of work and of decisions that would be
contrary to the principles set out above,
.LP
.bp
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIrecognizes the following principles\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(1)
it is the responsibility of the CCITT alone to make
the decisions regarding the operational, technical (including factors needed
to ensure international interworking) and tariff principles of the CCITT\(hydefined
services;
.PP
(2)
while the CCITT will define many of the relevant
factors for the CCITT\(hydefined telematic services, other international
organizations will be invited to give specialist advice to CCITT on subjects
that are of mutual interest, such as:
.LP
    \(em
    character sets and coding;
.LP
    \(em
    end\(hyto\(hyend control procedures including error protection;
.LP
    \(em
    interfaces between terminals and circuit terminating
equipment;
.LP
    \(em
    terminal transmitter distortion and receiver margin;
.LP
    \(em
    paper sizes and text formatting;
.PP
(3)
standardization, if required, of hardware and software implementation of
terminals, such as printing systems, paper feed, character
type fonts, paper characteristics,\ etc., are outside the scope of
CCITT.
\v'2P'
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.22\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.ce 1000
\fBCOLLABORATION\ WITH\ OTHER\ INTERNATIONAL\ ORGANIZATIONS\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.22''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.22    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBON\ INFORMATION\ TECHNOLOGY\fR
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
    The\ CCITT,
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
\fIconsidering\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
(a)
that the purposes of the International Telecommunication Union and the
recognition of CCITT relations with other organizations were
given in\ 1964 and later, in CCITT Recommendation\ A.20 which concerns data
transmission; and
.PP
(b)
that the principles of responsibility in regard to
CCITT\(hydefined Telematic services were given in\ 1980 and later, in
Recommendation\ A.21 which mentions some subjects of mutual interest; and
.PP
(c)
that CCITT Resolution No. 7 in 1984 further recognized common interests
with ISO and IEC concerning Information Technology and
cooperation with them by appropriate means;
.sp 2P
.LP
\fIrecognizes the following principles\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
(1)
that in accordance with CCITT Recommendations A.20 and
A.21 and Resolution No.\ 7, every effort should be made in establishing
respective study programmes to identify overlapping studies with a view to
avoiding duplication of work;
.PP
(2)
that where subjects are identified in which coordination seems desirable,
text should be drawn up mutually and kept aligned;
.PP
(3)
that in carrying on the respective programmes of
Information Technology studies, collaborative meetings at appropriate levels
should be scheduled, where necessary. In drafting aligned text, it is necessary
to take into account the respective timing for approvals and publication,
particularly with the ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee\ 1 (JTC1) on Information
Technology;
.bp
.PP
(4)
that commonality of text with ISO/IEC and cross\(hyreferences is considered
desirable in certain areas of mutual interest, such as:
.LP
    \(em
    Message Handling Systems,
.LP
    \(em
    Directory Systems,
.LP
    \(em
    Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) architecture\ \(em\ service
definitions and protocol specifications,
.LP
    \(em
    certain areas of Interworking,
.LP
    \(em
    certain aspects of Telematic Services,
.LP
    \(em
    Document Architecture,
.LP
    \(em
    certain aspects of RNIS.
\v'1P'
.sp 2P
.LP
\fBRecommendation\ A.30\fR
.RT
.sp 2P
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fBMAJOR\ DEGRADATION\ OR\ DISRUPTION\ OF\ SERVICE\fR
.EF '%    Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.30''
.OF '''Fascicle\ I.2\ \(em\ Rec.\ A.30    %'
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fI(Melbourne, 1988)\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.PP
When exceptional circumstances causing a major degradation or
disruption of service (e.g.,\ natural disasters, strikes, facility
outages,\ etc.) occur, Administrations should notify the Secretary\(hyGeneral
of such conditions and of the return to normal conditions. The
Secretary\(hyGeneral shall use the most appropriate means of telecommunications
to bring the information received to the attention of affected Administrations.
Other Recommendations specifically dealing with measures to be taken under
such circumstances should be consulted for the procedures to be followed.
.sp 1P
.RT
.LP
.rs
.sp 28P
.ad r
BLANC
.ad b
.RT
.LP
.bp